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Genetics Part 2
Test Description: From usatestprep
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) If you decide to buy a purebred puppy, you would have many different dog breeds to choose from. The wide variety of dog breeds is the result of hundreds of years of
A
gene sequencing.
B
selective breeding.
C
random mating.
D
genetic engineering.
2) Selective breeding happens
A
over many generations.
B
in one generation.
C
over thousands of generations.
D
in two generations.
3) The selective breeding of wild mustard has _________ _________ and produced at least four other vegetable crops.
A
increased biodiversity
B
decreased biodiversity
C
maintained biodiversity
D
eliminated biodiversity
4) In some instances, humans breed animals that are close relatives to produce desired traits. This is called
A
cloning.
B
inbreeding.
C
random mating.
D
artificial selection.
5) The Brahman cattle have good resistance to high temperature, but its meat is poor and tough. The English shorthorn cattle have good meat, but poor resistance to high temperatures.Using ___ might get the best traits of both.
A
inbreeding.
B
genetic engineering.
C
natural selection.
D
selective breeding.
6) Humans often selectively breed plants to create better, more nutritious crops. Plants are not as difficult to selectively breed as animals because most plants have
A
a natural resistance to disease.
B
only male or female reproductive parts.
C
very simple genetic codes.
D
both male and female reproductive parts.
7) Which crisis can be improved by selective breeding?
A
overpopulation
B
famine
C
pollution
D
global warming
8) Scientists have changed the DNA of a type of cabbage so that it contains a tiny amount of poison from a scorpion’s tail. The poison in the cabbage kills caterpillars that try to eat it. This is an example of
A
genetic engineering.
B
selective breeding.
C
artificial selection.
D
gene therapy.
9) North Carolina ranks second in production of Christmas trees in the United States. Scientists in North Carolina are developing a clone bank of disease and insect resistant trees. How would this be beneficial to Christmas tree growers?
A
More tree species would be available to grow.
B
Trees would not need as much fertilizer.
C
Crop loss would be reduced.
D
Trees would grow faster.
10) During cell division, or mitosis, an exact duplicate of the original cell is produced. The instructions for cell division are found in the __________ in the __________.
A
chromosomes:nucleus
B
nucleus:nucleolus
C
ribosomes:RNA
D
nucleus:RNA
11) Chromosomes, which contain DNA, have several functions. All BUT ONE of these statements is a function of chromosomes.
A
Chromosomes determine the gender of an individual.
B
Chromosomes help an organism produce usable energy.
C
Chromosomes provide instructions to make proteins.
D
Chromosomes determine the traits of an organism.
12) Your three blood cell types have different sizes, shapes, and functions. Yet they all started out alike. Within each cell of your body there are ___________, which give the instructions for cell processes including differentiation of blood cells.
A
mitochondria
B
karyotypes
C
chromosomes
D
centromeres
13) Your gender, whether you are male or female, is determined by the
A
X or Y chromosomes, inherited from your mother.
B
chromosomes from your mother and X from your father.
C
X or Y chromosomes, inherited from father.
D
two of the 22 pairs of chromosomes your inherited.
14) Your eye color, sex, and hair color are all determined by the DNA in your genes. Where are these genes located?
A
red blood cells
B
chromosomes
C
proteins
D
centrioles
15) A _______ is a segment of a chromosome that codes for a specific protein
A
nucleotide
B
codon
C
gene
D
amino acid
16) Scientists can alter potato plants in order to produce bigger and better potato crops. To do this, scientists alter specific ________ found in the DNA of the plants' cells.
A
codons
B
genes
C
RNA
D
chromosomes
17) Amniocentesis is a process in which amniotic fluid is taken from the mother's womb to identify any genetic abnormalities in the fetus. How would the discovery of the human genome contribute to this process?
A
The exact location of a particular disease-causing gene can be determined.
B
The defective gene can be replaced with its normal counterpart.
C
Scientists will be able to detect new genes, causing other genetic disorders.
D
Scientists can block the action of defective genes and arrest any genetic abnormalities.
18) Selective breeding is the process of breeding plants or animals so that they inherit particular traits from their parents. What is a possible consequence of selectively breeding a crop species?
A
The crop becomes more tolerant to drought.
B
The crop becomes resistant to bacteria and fungi.
C
The offspring have the same traits as the parents.
D
The quality and yield of the crop improves.
19) A particular plant bears large-sized fruits. Another variety of the same plant is resistant to pests. What process should be adopted to combine the traits of the two varieties of plants?
A
Pure breeding
B
Inbreeding
C
Line breeding
D
Hybridization
20) Biotechnology has helped produce crops that are resistant to certain pests, crops that produce high yields, and more nitrogen-efficient crops. What is a negative impact that bioengineered plants may have on the environment?
A
Plants have an increased resistance to insect pests.
B
Genetically engineered plants may have a longer shelf life.
C
Beneficial insects may be adversely affected.
D
There is an increased need for inorganic fertilizers.
*select an answer for all questions
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