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BIOL G220 Unit 4 Lecture Exam Review C
Test Description: Lecture day 22 material (circulation)
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) the circulatory system of the human body can be divided into two main branches, the _________ which goes through the lungs, and the _________ which passes through the rest of the body
A
medial, lateral
B
visceral, parietal
C
pulmonary, systemic
D
arterial, venous
2) blood travels away from the heart in vessels called______, and towards the heart in vessels known as ___________
A
blood vessels, lymph vessels
B
arteries, veins
C
efferents, afferents
D
veins, arteries
3) in addition to arteries and veins, there is a third class of blood vessels, the ______
A
capillaries
B
intermediate venofbibrils
C
blood ducts
D
arterivenuoles
4) as arteries travel away from the heart their diameter ___, as veins get closer to the heart their diameter
A
fluctuates
B
stays the same in both cases: only the walls get thicker and thinner
C
increases, decreases
D
decreases, increases
5) a blood vessel connecting two other blood vessels, which creates a redundant pathway for blood flow is an
A
arteriole
B
collateral
C
shunt
D
anastomosis
6) blood vessels have up to three layers, to varying degrees: in order from the outermost to the innermost
A
fibrovenosus, myovenosus, serovenosus
B
perivenosum, mediavenosum, endovenosum
C
tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
D
endocarp, pericarp, exocarp
7) the tunica media consists primarily of
A
elastocartilage
B
smooth muscle
C
loose connective tissue
D
endothelial tissue
8) arteries are classified into three structural groups: in order from closest to the heart to farthest they are
A
great, middle, small
B
elastic, muscular, arterioles
C
proximal, medial, distal
D
muscular, elastic, anastomoes
9) arteries nearest the heart have the most _______ fibers, as they are subject to the most pressure
A
muscle
B
elastic
C
reticular
D
collagen
10) the contraction of the heart produces pressure waves in the arteries, the peaks of which give _________ blood pressure
A
normal
B
diastolic
C
hypertensive
D
systolic
11) muscular arteries have a thicker ____ ___ and fewer ____ fibers compared to elastic arteries
A
tunica intima, elastic
B
tunica media, elastic
C
tunica externa, reticular
D
tunica media, collagen
12) arterioles have the thinnest _____ ______, and control blood flow to the _______
A
tunica intima, lungs
B
tunica media, capillaries
C
tunica externa, veins
D
tunica media, heart
13) small rings of smooth muscle called ______ _______ encircle the metarterioles and arteriole side of capillary beds.
A
midcapillary sphincters
B
precapillary sphincters
C
vasoconstrictive tunics
D
postarteriole enclosures
14) capillaries have only one of the three possible blood vessel layers, the
A
tunica inominosa
B
tunica media
C
tunica externa
D
tunica intima
15) precapillary sphincters regulate blood flow to the capillaries by a process called
A
vasorestriction
B
vasovalvation
C
vasoinfiltration
D
vasoconstriction
16) of the three types of capillaries, the ones with tight junctions between the cells and no pores are
A
fenestrated
B
superserous
C
sinusoid
D
continuous
17) the small holes in fenestrated capillaries allow _____ to pass more readily through, and are found in glands, intestines and ____
A
blood cells, bone marrow
B
fluid, kidneys
C
proteins, the exocrine portion of the panceras
D
gasses, alveoli
18) approximately ___ of the blood in the body is in the veins
A
all
B
40%
C
60%
D
none
19) as the blood in the veins is under ________ pressure, veins have numerous ______
A
attack by pathogens, macrophages
B
extreme, collagen fibers
C
very low, bicuspid valves
D
moderate, auxiallary pumps
20) venous return to the heart is assisted passively by
A
buoyancy conveyed to the venous blood by dissolved carbon dioxide
B
osmotic pressure between the interstitial fluid and the capillary lumen
C
thermal gradient between the periphery and the heart
D
skeletal muscle contraction
*select an answer for all questions
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