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BIOL G220 Unit 4 Lecture Exam Review B
Test Description: Lecture 21 material (heart)
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) the human heart beats, on average, approximately
A
80 rpm
B
360 times per hour
C
40 times per second
D
70 times per minute
2) the human heart is essentially two co-joined pumps: the one on the left pumps blood to the ____, while the one on the right pumps blood to the _____
A
lungs, body
B
body, lungs
C
body, heart itself
D
body, soul
3) the heart is located in the ______, just deep to the _____
A
thoracocardial fossa, pectoralis minor
B
superior abdominal, liver
C
mediastinum, sternum
D
superior thoracic, clavicles
4) The human heart is surrounded by a set of membranes collectively known as the
A
cardiac sac
B
myocardial envelope
C
epicardialis
D
pericardium
5) the outermost layer of the pericardium is
A
made of smooth muscle
B
thick and fibrous
C
all of the answers are true
D
actually two layers with elastic fibers between them
6) the inner layer of the pericardium is
A
comprised of two layers, the parietal and viceral
B
has an innermost layer also known as the epicardium
C
Serous, with fluid filled spaces
D
all of the answers are true
7) The heart 'wall' consists of 3 layers: from the outermost to the innermost these are
A
epicardium, mesocardium, tunica intima
B
stucco, plaster, concrete
C
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
D
endocardium, mesocardium, epicardium
8) the heart contains a fibrous 'skeleton', the anulus fibrosus, which consists of four interconnected fibrous rings that encircle the base of the valves: this is made of
A
reticular and elastic fibers, but not collagen
B
cardiac muscle tissue
C
fibrocartilage
D
dense connective tissue
9) the purpose of valves in the heart is
A
to ensure a one-way flow of blood
B
to regulate blood pressure
C
to prevent premature contraction of the ventricles
D
to allow blood to flow into the heart on one stroke, and out to the lungs on the next
10) the valves in the heart fall into two main categories based on location/structure, which are intimately connected to the forces placed on said valves- they are the
A
semilunar valves and atrioventricular valves
B
arterial and venous valves
C
pulmonary and systemic valves
D
bicuspid and tricuspid valves
11) the atrioventricular valves are anchored to the walls of the ventricles with several chordae tendinae and papillary muscles: why?
A
to prevent blood from flowing between the left and right ventricles, and the left and right atria
B
to allow the muscles pull on the valves, thus manually opening them so blood can flow out
C
to withstand the pressure of ventricular contraction without prolapsing
D
to generally confuse the heck out of anatomy students, and, if they are inadequately prepared, cardiologists.
12) The heart valve that needs to withstand the greatest pressure is the
A
the tricuspid, or right atrioventricular valve
B
the right semilunar, or pulmonary valve
C
mitral, aka the left atrioventricular or bicuspid valve
D
the left semilunar, or aortic valve
13) which chamber of the heart has the thickest wall?
A
Right Ventricle
B
Right Atrium
C
Left Atrium
D
Left Ventricle
14) The heart itself is supplied by blood vessels collectively known as
A
endocardiomyovasculature
B
coronary arteries
C
coronary veins
D
great cardiac vessels
15) the muscle fibers in the heart are connected end to end via
A
intercalated discs
B
chordae tendinae
C
cardiofibrils
D
thickened Z discs
16) the unique junctions between cardiac muscle cells allow them to
A
spontanously contract
B
share mitochondria
C
conduct impulses
D
contract without shortening: they only get thicker so as to squeeze out the blood in a pumping action
17) the heart has a 'pacemaker' a bundle of cells that steadily depolarize between action potentials, making them
A
autophasic
B
autorythmic
C
autonomic
D
autotonic
18) the pacemaker of the heart, where contractile impulses originate, is in the
A
Atrio Ventricular (AV) Node
B
Sino Atrial (SA) Node
C
Bundle of His
D
Purkinje fibers
19) the heart rate is ________ by input from the sympathetic nervous system through the ________
A
increased, posterior root ganglion
B
decreased, rami communicates
C
modified, pineal gland
D
increased, sympathetic trunk
20) the heart rate is ________ by input from the parasympathetic nervous system through everyone's favorite cranial nerve, #__. the ______
A
decreased, 10: Vagus
B
decreased, 5:Trochlear
C
stabilized, 11: Accessory
D
increased, 9: Glossopharyngeal
*select an answer for all questions
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