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Midterm Review
Test Description: Midterm Review - cells, organelles, macromolecules, cell division, enzymes, and Punnett squares
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
A
increasing the pH
B
lowering the activation energy
C
raising the temperature of the environment
D
creating more substrates
2) When a piece of liver is dropped into hydrogen peroxide, bubbles are released from the liver as the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposes into water (H2O) and oxygen (O2). This rapid change in reaction rate suggests
A
that hydrogen peroxide is a powerful enzyme
B
that liver is a substrate for hydrogen peroxide
C
the liver contains an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide
D
that liver contains lots of germs
3) Cells must produce many different enzymes because
A
enzymes are quickly used up
B
enzymes are not very effective at speeding up reactions
C
most cellular reactions require a specific, unique enzyme
D
they have to have some way to use up the protein that they consume
4) When a piece of liver is dropped into hydrogen peroxide, bubbles are released as the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposes into water (H2O) and oxygen (O2). However, if the liver is cooked first, the reaction fails to occur. The reason for this is
A
heating removes the water and oxygen from the liver
B
heating kills the germs that cause the bubbling
C
heating damages the enzyme's active site in liver that breaks down hydrogen peroxide
D
reactions take place faster at lower temperatures
5) Crossing over occurs in the phase ______________ of ____________.
A
G1, interphase
B
prophase 1, meiosis
C
anaphase, mitosis
D
metaphase 2, mitosis
6) If there are 78 chromosomes in a dog's bone cell, then how many chromosomes will it have in its gamete?
A
78
B
24
C
39
D
156
7) What is the correct order of phases of the cell cycle (for a somatic cell)?
A
interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, and cytokinesis
B
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase
C
G1, S, and G2
D
interphase, meiosis 1, meiosis 2, and cytokinesis
8) What is the first phase of mitosis?
A
metaphase
B
prophase
C
cytokinesis
D
interphase
9) How many cells are produced at the end of meiosis?
A
2 genetically identical cells
B
4 genetically identical cells
C
2 genetically different cells
D
4 genetically different cells
10) The cell membrane is made up of mostly which macromolecule?
A
nucleic acid
B
protein
C
carbohydrate
D
lipid
11) In biology what does organic mean?
A
substances that are found in the natural world
B
water molecules
C
molecules that contain carbon
D
substances that are not made of chemicals
12) Which marcomolecules are organic?
A
carbohydrates, protein, and lipids
B
carbohydrates and lipids
C
nucleic acid
D
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
13) Under a microscope a cell is observed to have mitochondria, ribosome, nucleus, and a cell wall. What type of cell is observed?
A
a eukaryotic cell in either a plant or animal
B
a eukaryotic cell that is in an animal
C
a prokaryotic cell that is in bacteria
D
a eukaryotic cell that is in a plant
14) Which cell reproduces more quickly?
A
plant cell
B
eukaryotic cell
C
animal cell
D
prokaryotic cell
15) If a cell is damaged during interphase and it does not repair itself or go through apoptosis, then the cell will grow uncontrollably. This uncontrollable growth of cells is called ______________
A
cell death
B
G2
C
cancer
D
mitosis
16) Tall stems (T) are dominant to short stems. If two heterozygous tall stemmed plants cross, what are the possible genotypes of their offspring?
A
Tt only
B
TT and Tt
C
Tall stems and short stems
D
TT, Tt, and tt
17) Round seeds (R) are dominant to wrinkled seeds. What would the parents' genotypes be if they produce offspring that are 50% round seed and 50% wrinkled seed?
A
Rr and Rr
B
RR and rr
C
Both RR
D
Rr and rr
*select an answer for all questions
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