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7th TCAP Review: The Earth
Test Description: Review questions based on Earth Standards (7.1-7.7)
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) As a riverbank erodes away, sand and mud are transported downstream and settle at the bottom of a lake. Over time, what type of rock is most likely formed at the bottom of the lake?
A
lunar
B
metamorphic
C
sedimentary
D
igneous
2) The top layer of Earth is only about 50 kilometers thick. This layer is known as the
A
mantle.
B
inner core.
C
outer core.
D
crust.
3) What makes up most of the outer core of Earth?
A
hydrogen and helium gas
B
liquid water
C
liquid iron and nickel
D
molten rock
4) Geologists placed posts on opposite sides of divergent plates to determine the rate of plate movement. How far apart will the posts most likely have moved after 10 years?
A
50 centimeters
B
50 meters
C
5 kilometers
D
5 meters
5) What is the best approximation of the distance a tectonic plate moves each year?
A
more than one kilometer
B
a few centimeters
C
less than one millimeter
D
several meters
6) Which of these is mostly likely to happen because the oceanic lithospheric plates move away from each other?
A
Water moves to higher latitudes.
B
Tides become higher.
C
New sea floor forms.
D
Winds become stronger.
7) Which of these formed the Appalachian Mountains?
A
sea-floor spreading
B
frequent earthquake activity
C
continental plates colliding
D
river sediment deposition
8) As the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere becomes depleted, skin damage can occur from exposure to high levels of ultraviolet (UV) rays. Which human activity has contributed to the breakdown of the ozone layer?
A
construction of wind turbines to generate electricity
B
introduction of invasive plant species into local ecosystems
C
construction of dams for hydroelectric power
D
release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere
9) When water vapor, methane, and carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere, trapped heat is reradiated back to Earth. Which of these will most likely occur when heat is reradiated back to Earth?
A
Surface temperatures will increase globally.
B
Acid precipitation will form.
C
Soil contamination will increase.
D
The ozone will become thinner and break down.
10) Which of these is a characteristic of a mineral?
A
It has a varying chemical composition.
B
It is a natural substance.
C
It has a noncrystalline structure.
D
It exists in a liquid state.
11) Which question would NOT be useful to ask if you wanted to identify a mineral?
A
How hard is it?
B
What is its density?
C
What color is it?
D
Is it a solid, liquid, or gas?
12) The way a mineral reflects light is called its
A
cleavage.
B
luster.
C
streak.
D
texture.
13) Which is the hardest mineral on the Mohs scale?
A
quartz
B
talc
C
fluorite
D
diamond
14) When magma transforms into igneous rock, which process is taking place?
A
cooling and solidifying
B
breaking down of rock
C
melting under very high pressure
D
change due to heat and pressure
15) When sedimentary rock transforms into metamorphic rock, which process is taking place?
A
breaking down of rock
B
change due to heat and pressure
C
cooling and solidifying
D
melting under very high pressure
16) Which rock forms from magma that cools and hardens?
A
gneiss
B
limestone
C
granite
D
sandstone
17) Which rock forms from sediments that become compacted and cemented together?
A
basalt
B
granite
C
gneiss
D
limestone
18) Which layer of Earth consists mostly of iron?
A
oceanic crust
B
core
C
continental crust
D
mantle
19) Which of these layers makes up most of Earth's mass?
A
oceanic crust
B
core
C
mantle
D
continental crust
20) Which statement is true about Earth's tectonic plates?
A
They float on the lithosphere.
B
They float on the core.
C
They do not move.
D
The float on the asthenosphere.
*select an answer for all questions
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