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7th TCAP Review: The Earth
Test Description: Review questions based on Earth Standards (7.1-7.7)
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) As a riverbank erodes away, sand and mud are transported downstream and settle at the bottom of a lake. Over time, what type of rock is most likely formed at the bottom of the lake?
A
igneous
B
sedimentary
C
metamorphic
D
lunar
2) The top layer of Earth is only about 50 kilometers thick. This layer is known as the
A
crust.
B
inner core.
C
outer core.
D
mantle.
3) What makes up most of the outer core of Earth?
A
liquid iron and nickel
B
hydrogen and helium gas
C
molten rock
D
liquid water
4) Geologists placed posts on opposite sides of divergent plates to determine the rate of plate movement. How far apart will the posts most likely have moved after 10 years?
A
5 kilometers
B
5 meters
C
50 centimeters
D
50 meters
5) What is the best approximation of the distance a tectonic plate moves each year?
A
several meters
B
more than one kilometer
C
a few centimeters
D
less than one millimeter
6) Which of these is mostly likely to happen because the oceanic lithospheric plates move away from each other?
A
New sea floor forms.
B
Tides become higher.
C
Winds become stronger.
D
Water moves to higher latitudes.
7) Which of these formed the Appalachian Mountains?
A
frequent earthquake activity
B
sea-floor spreading
C
river sediment deposition
D
continental plates colliding
8) As the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere becomes depleted, skin damage can occur from exposure to high levels of ultraviolet (UV) rays. Which human activity has contributed to the breakdown of the ozone layer?
A
construction of dams for hydroelectric power
B
release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere
C
introduction of invasive plant species into local ecosystems
D
construction of wind turbines to generate electricity
9) When water vapor, methane, and carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere, trapped heat is reradiated back to Earth. Which of these will most likely occur when heat is reradiated back to Earth?
A
Soil contamination will increase.
B
Surface temperatures will increase globally.
C
Acid precipitation will form.
D
The ozone will become thinner and break down.
10) Which of these is a characteristic of a mineral?
A
It is a natural substance.
B
It exists in a liquid state.
C
It has a varying chemical composition.
D
It has a noncrystalline structure.
11) Which question would NOT be useful to ask if you wanted to identify a mineral?
A
What is its density?
B
How hard is it?
C
Is it a solid, liquid, or gas?
D
What color is it?
12) The way a mineral reflects light is called its
A
cleavage.
B
luster.
C
streak.
D
texture.
13) Which is the hardest mineral on the Mohs scale?
A
fluorite
B
quartz
C
talc
D
diamond
14) When magma transforms into igneous rock, which process is taking place?
A
melting under very high pressure
B
breaking down of rock
C
change due to heat and pressure
D
cooling and solidifying
15) When sedimentary rock transforms into metamorphic rock, which process is taking place?
A
melting under very high pressure
B
change due to heat and pressure
C
breaking down of rock
D
cooling and solidifying
16) Which rock forms from magma that cools and hardens?
A
granite
B
sandstone
C
limestone
D
gneiss
17) Which rock forms from sediments that become compacted and cemented together?
A
basalt
B
gneiss
C
granite
D
limestone
18) Which layer of Earth consists mostly of iron?
A
mantle
B
oceanic crust
C
core
D
continental crust
19) Which of these layers makes up most of Earth's mass?
A
mantle
B
oceanic crust
C
continental crust
D
core
20) Which statement is true about Earth's tectonic plates?
A
They float on the lithosphere.
B
The float on the asthenosphere.
C
They float on the core.
D
They do not move.
*select an answer for all questions
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