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Reproduction And Genetics Part 2
Test Description: Aligned with MD CLG.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which amino acid would be transferred to the position of codon CAC?
A
GUG--Histidine
B
GCU--Arginine
C
UGU--Threonine
D
GAA--Leucine
2) A scientist puts nucleotide chains of UUUUUU in a test tube under conditions allowing protein synthesis. Soon the test tube is full of polypeptide chains composed of only the amino acid phenylalanine. What does this experiment indicate?
A
UUU codes for the amino acid phenylalanine.
B
The amino acid phenylalanine is composed of uracil.
C
Protein synthesis malfunctions in test tubes.
D
Most proteins contain only one type of amino acid.
3) If a segment of DNA is TAC GAT TAG, the complementary mRNA strand that results from this segment will be
A
AUG CUA AUC
B
UAC GAU UAG
C
TAC GAT TAU
D
ATG CTA ATA
4) Genetic information usually flows in one specific direction. Which of the following best represents this flow?
A
DNA to Protein to RNA
B
DNA to RNA to Protein
C
RNA to Protein to DNA
D
Protein to RNA to DNA
5) Crossing over results in which of these?
A
translation
B
new gene combinations
C
a new zygote
D
fertilization
6) Mutations
A
cause more offspring to be heterozygous.
B
happen more often to homozygous gene pairs.
C
do not happen very often.
D
are constantly happening in the gene pool.
7) Which of the following best describes the result of a mutation in an organism’s DNA?
A
The mutation creates entirely new organisms.
B
The mutation may cause phenotypic change.
C
The mutation causes damage when it occurs.
D
The mutation may produce a zygote.
8) For a long time, penicillin was given to people to kill the bacteria which caused ear infections. Lately, some ear infections are not cured by penicillin. Which is the best explanation for this?
A
Some bacteria have mutated and are not killed by the penicillin.
B
Not enough penicillin was taken to kill all the bacteria.
C
Some ear infections are caused by bacteria from sore throats.
D
Some bacteria reproduce faster than the penicillin.
9) Genetic mutations are harmful or beneficial changes that occur in an individual’s
A
nucleotide base sequence in a protein.
B
nucleotide base sequence in DNA.
C
amino acid sequence of a gene.
D
amino acid sequence in DNA.
10) Harmful genetic mutations that occur in an individual’s somatic cells will
A
cause cancer in the individual’s offspring.
B
harm the individual’s offspring.
C
cause cancer in the individual.
D
not be passed to offspring.
11) Genetic engineering to create biomedical products that benefit society often involves the use of recombinant DNA technology. Recombinant DNA is DNA that has
A
many genetic mutations.
B
genes inserted from other organisms.
C
been taken from a crime scene.
D
resistance to genetic disease.
12) DNA manipulation is used to produce beneficial products, such as human insulin. Strands labeled A and C are both part of the same individual's DNA. When DNA fragment B is inserted in between fragments A and C, the resulting DNA is know
A
a clone.
B
a mutated gene
C
recombinant DNA.
D
mitochondrial DNA
13) Apomixis is a type of asexual reproduction in which adult plants grow directly from egg cells. Which of these does not occur during apomixis?
A
Fertilization
B
Transcription
C
Translation
D
Mitosis
14) Which of these make up the primary link between a gene and the expression of a trait?
A
Proteins
B
Vitamins
C
Sugars
D
Lipids
15) Which of these does NOT occur during meiosis?
A
reduction of chromosome number by one-half
B
crossing-over of homologous chromosomes
C
production of identical gametes
D
production of new gene combinations
16) One kind of chromosomal mutation can occur during meiosis when a pair of chromosomes that carry genes for the same trait fail to separate. Which of these represents the sex chromosomes of a male organism when this type of chromosomal mutation has occ
A
XX
B
XXY
C
XY
D
XXX
17) Original strand--ATT CAG. New strand--UAA GUC. This new strand will most likely be used for
A
DNA synthesis
B
gene splicing
C
crossing over
D
protein synthesis
18) Which of these is an example of a heterozygous genotype?
A
round
B
RR
C
Rr
D
wrinkled
19) Normal thymine (T) is found in the old strand. It is replaced by an abnormal molecule (T*) in the new strand. The abnormal molecule (T*) binds to guanine (G) instead of binding to adenine (A). This is an example of
A
protein synthesis
B
an adaptation
C
mutation
D
binary fission
20) The genetic information for making a protein must move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Which of these moves this information to the cytoplasm?
A
an amino acid
B
RNA
C
DNA
D
a ribosome
*select an answer for all questions
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