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Reproduction And Genetics Part 2
Test Description: Aligned with MD CLG.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which amino acid would be transferred to the position of codon CAC?
A
GCU--Arginine
B
GAA--Leucine
C
UGU--Threonine
D
GUG--Histidine
2) A scientist puts nucleotide chains of UUUUUU in a test tube under conditions allowing protein synthesis. Soon the test tube is full of polypeptide chains composed of only the amino acid phenylalanine. What does this experiment indicate?
A
Protein synthesis malfunctions in test tubes.
B
UUU codes for the amino acid phenylalanine.
C
The amino acid phenylalanine is composed of uracil.
D
Most proteins contain only one type of amino acid.
3) If a segment of DNA is TAC GAT TAG, the complementary mRNA strand that results from this segment will be
A
TAC GAT TAU
B
AUG CUA AUC
C
UAC GAU UAG
D
ATG CTA ATA
4) Genetic information usually flows in one specific direction. Which of the following best represents this flow?
A
DNA to RNA to Protein
B
RNA to Protein to DNA
C
DNA to Protein to RNA
D
Protein to RNA to DNA
5) Crossing over results in which of these?
A
a new zygote
B
new gene combinations
C
translation
D
fertilization
6) Mutations
A
happen more often to homozygous gene pairs.
B
do not happen very often.
C
are constantly happening in the gene pool.
D
cause more offspring to be heterozygous.
7) Which of the following best describes the result of a mutation in an organism’s DNA?
A
The mutation may produce a zygote.
B
The mutation may cause phenotypic change.
C
The mutation creates entirely new organisms.
D
The mutation causes damage when it occurs.
8) For a long time, penicillin was given to people to kill the bacteria which caused ear infections. Lately, some ear infections are not cured by penicillin. Which is the best explanation for this?
A
Not enough penicillin was taken to kill all the bacteria.
B
Some ear infections are caused by bacteria from sore throats.
C
Some bacteria reproduce faster than the penicillin.
D
Some bacteria have mutated and are not killed by the penicillin.
9) Genetic mutations are harmful or beneficial changes that occur in an individual’s
A
amino acid sequence of a gene.
B
nucleotide base sequence in DNA.
C
nucleotide base sequence in a protein.
D
amino acid sequence in DNA.
10) Harmful genetic mutations that occur in an individual’s somatic cells will
A
cause cancer in the individual’s offspring.
B
not be passed to offspring.
C
harm the individual’s offspring.
D
cause cancer in the individual.
11) Genetic engineering to create biomedical products that benefit society often involves the use of recombinant DNA technology. Recombinant DNA is DNA that has
A
genes inserted from other organisms.
B
been taken from a crime scene.
C
many genetic mutations.
D
resistance to genetic disease.
12) DNA manipulation is used to produce beneficial products, such as human insulin. Strands labeled A and C are both part of the same individual's DNA. When DNA fragment B is inserted in between fragments A and C, the resulting DNA is know
A
recombinant DNA.
B
a mutated gene
C
mitochondrial DNA
D
a clone.
13) Apomixis is a type of asexual reproduction in which adult plants grow directly from egg cells. Which of these does not occur during apomixis?
A
Transcription
B
Translation
C
Fertilization
D
Mitosis
14) Which of these make up the primary link between a gene and the expression of a trait?
A
Lipids
B
Sugars
C
Proteins
D
Vitamins
15) Which of these does NOT occur during meiosis?
A
crossing-over of homologous chromosomes
B
production of identical gametes
C
reduction of chromosome number by one-half
D
production of new gene combinations
16) One kind of chromosomal mutation can occur during meiosis when a pair of chromosomes that carry genes for the same trait fail to separate. Which of these represents the sex chromosomes of a male organism when this type of chromosomal mutation has occ
A
XX
B
XY
C
XXY
D
XXX
17) Original strand--ATT CAG. New strand--UAA GUC. This new strand will most likely be used for
A
crossing over
B
protein synthesis
C
gene splicing
D
DNA synthesis
18) Which of these is an example of a heterozygous genotype?
A
RR
B
Rr
C
wrinkled
D
round
19) Normal thymine (T) is found in the old strand. It is replaced by an abnormal molecule (T*) in the new strand. The abnormal molecule (T*) binds to guanine (G) instead of binding to adenine (A). This is an example of
A
an adaptation
B
protein synthesis
C
mutation
D
binary fission
20) The genetic information for making a protein must move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Which of these moves this information to the cytoplasm?
A
RNA
B
an amino acid
C
DNA
D
a ribosome
*select an answer for all questions
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