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Succession
Test Description: Primary vs. Secondary Succession
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) A forest of pine trees is burned over a 10 mile area when lightning strikes a tree. In the spring, a few seedlings begin to sprout. This is an example of:
A
primary succession
B
biodiversity
C
overpopulation
D
secondary succession
2) A glacier has scraped all soil from a rocky area. As it slowly retreats, some of the rock is broken down by weathering. Some moss begins to grow. This is an example of:
A
population growth
B
secondary succession
C
primary succession
D
climax community
3) The first organisms in an area are known as _____.
A
immature species
B
pioneer species
C
mature species
D
climax species
4) The old-growth forest has remained the same combination of hickories and oaks for over 100 years. This is an example of:
A
primary succession
B
secondary succession
C
pioneer species
D
climax community
5) Lichens and moss are called _____.
A
climax species
B
secondary succession
C
pioneer species
D
primary succession
6) A pond slowly fills in as algae and other plants die and fall to the bottom. This is an example of:
A
a natural disaster
B
primary succession
C
maturing community
D
secondary succession
7) A volcano erupts creating a new island. After some time, small plants begin to grow. This is an example of _____.
A
carrying capacity
B
tertiary succession
C
primary succession
D
secondary succession
8) A natural disturbance is typically associated with this type of succession?
A
community
B
overpopulation
C
secondary
D
primary
9) What would you expect to see in a biodiverse community?
A
a large variety of insects, plants, and animals
B
lichen and moss
C
small insects, plants, and animals
D
large trees
10) Primary succession almost always begins with...
A
burned out forest
B
bare rock
C
dry lake bottom
D
hard soil
11) When one group of species is replaced with others over time, it is called...
A
succession
B
overpopulation
C
carrying capacity
D
evolution
12) If succession has reached its climax community, then in about another 500 years what will happen?
A
if left undisturbed, the climax community will remain stable
B
the climax community will die off
C
secondary succession will start over
D
primary succession will start over
13) Which statement is true about ecological succession?
A
succession always ends with pioneer species
B
succession always starts with bare rock
C
the climax community will depend on where succession is occurring
D
succession always results in the same climax community everywhere
14) The following natural events will cause primary succession to occur:
A
floods and hurricanes
B
glacier movement and volcanes
C
tsunamis and tornadoes
D
wild fires and controlled burns
15) How do lichens contribute to primary succession?
A
by fixing nitrogen
B
by converting carbohydrates into fossil fuels
C
by breaking down rock to form soil
D
by decomposing organic matter from animals and plants
16) What type of vegetation would you expect to find on an abandoned farm after 150 years?
A
short grasses
B
lichens
C
shrubs
D
pine trees and oak trees
17) The final stable community that is made up of mature, hardwood trees is called
A
old field
B
climax community
C
pioneer community
D
farmland
18) _____ succession is more likely to take thousands of years before trees are seen.
A
secondary
B
ecological
C
climax
D
primary
19) Where does most primary succession take place in the United States?
A
Hawaii
B
Florida
C
Metroparks
D
Old farms
20) When does a climax community change?
A
after a natural disaster
B
never, it always remains stable
C
both b and c
D
after human disturbance
*select an answer for all questions
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