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Final Exam Review Semester 1
Test Description: Declaration of Independence; Bill of Rights; Constitution; Reconstruction; Industrialization
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which phrase from the Declaration of Independence most clearly reflects the idea that the people are the source of government?
A
“. .. all men are . . . endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable rights
B
“. . . deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed. . .“
C
“. . . that all men are created equal
D
“. . . governments long established should not be changed for light and transient causes .
2) The major reason the Bill of Rights was added to the United States Constitution was to
A
protect individual liberties against abuse by the Federal Government
B
limit the power of state governments
C
separate powers between the three branches of government
D
provide for equal treatment of all people
3) In the United States, reporters’ exercise of freedom of the press may be legally restricted under what circumstances?
A
when reporters have information that could threaten national security if published
B
when reporters discover that elected officials have engaged in illegal activities
C
when reporters are granted interviews with leaders of other countries
D
when reporters disagree with official government policies
4) Freedom of assembly is guaranteed by the First Amendment, but assemblies may legally be broken up when protesters
A
publicly oppose U.S. foreign policy.
B
express opinions that are controversial.
C
are members of a religious organization.
D
attempt to disrupt public safety
5) Which fundamental political idea is expressed in the Declaration of Independence?
A
If the government denies its people certain basic rights, that government can be overthrown.
B
Rulers derive their right to govern from God and are therefore bound to govern in the nation’s best interest.
C
The central government and state governments should have equal power.
D
The government should guarantee every citizen economic security.
6) To avoid having too much power concentrated in one branch of government, the framers of the Constitution established
A
the system of two political parties
B
the system of checks and balances
C
division of power among local, state and federal levels of government
D
a bicameral national legislature
7) What was one effect that mass transit had on American cities?
A
The number of skyscrapers increased dramatically because there was no room left on the ground.
B
Cities marked off separate zones for heavy industry, financial institutions, residences, and public spaces.
C
Conflicts over ethnic and racial divisions declined because people could live farther apart.
D
Most urban workers no longer had to live in tenements.
8) The rulings of the Supreme Court in Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) all demonstrate that the Supreme Court has
A
continued to extend voting rights to minorities
B
failed to protect the rights of minorities
C
often imposed restrictions on free speech during wartime
D
protected itself from internal dissent
9) A house divided against itself cannot stand. I believe this government cannot endure permanently half slave and half free.” -Abraham Lincoln, 1858. According to this quotation, Abraham Lincoln believed that
A
to save the nation, the North should compromise with the South on slavery
B
sectional differences threatened to destroy the Union
C
the Southern states should be allowed to secede
D
slavery was immoral and should be abolished immediately
10) Although important strides were made, Reconstruction failed to provide lasting guarantees of the civil rights of the freedmen.” Which evidence best supports this statement
A
ratification of the 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments
B
refusal of Southern States to allow sharecropping
C
passage of the Civil Rights Acts of 1866
D
passage of Jim Crow laws in the latter part of the 19th century
11) The Jim Crow laws of the post-Civil War Era were attempts by
A
state and local governments to restrict the freedoms of African Americans
B
states to ban organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan
C
the Federal Government to improve the status of African Americans and Native American Indians
D
the Radical Republicans in Congress to carry out Reconstruction plans
12) The institution of slavery was formally abolished in the United States by the
A
creation of the Freedmen’s Bureau in 1865
B
Compromise of 1850
C
ratification of the 13th amendment in 1865
D
Emancipation Proclamation of 1863
13) In the ten years following the Civil War, a large numbers of former slaves earned a living by becoming
A
workers in Northern factories
B
sharecroppers on Southern farms
C
gold miners in California
D
conductors on the Underground Railroad
14) In the period from 1860 to 1890, which experience was shared by most Native Americans living in western states?
A
They became farmers and small business owners.
B
They were forced to live on reservations.
C
They maintained control of their traditional lands.
D
They benefited economically from government policy.
15) Up to our own day American history is the history of the colonization of the Great West. The existence of an area of free land, and the advance of American settlement westward explain American development. This quote suggests that American frontier
A
has mirrored European values and social patterns
B
should be preserved for free use by all the people
C
has had a positive effect on the growth of the United States
D
had little impact on the native population
16) These factors pulled immigrants to the United States?
A
poor economic conditions
B
lack of food
C
religious persecution
D
potential employment
17) The closing of the frontier and the growth of industry/business in the late 1800s are two factors often associated with the
A
restoration of a plantation economy in the South
B
formation of alliances with other nations
C
reduction of exports to Asian nations
D
rise of United States imperialism
18) In the United States, the main purpose of antitrust legislation is to
A
encourage the growth of monopolies
B
strengthen the rights of workers
C
increase competition in business
D
protect the environment
19) “Prices and wages should be determined by the marketplace.” The author of this statement would most probably support
A
laissez-faire capitalism
B
government ownership of utilities
C
wage and price controls
D
minimum-wage laws
20) After the Civil War, one way business leaders tried to eliminate competition was by
A
developing overseas markets
B
forming monopolies or trusts
C
paying high wages to their workers
D
increasing the prices of their products
*select an answer for all questions
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