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Weathering And Soil
Test Description: Chapter 2: Earth's Surface
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) The type of soil called loam is made up of
A
mostly clay
B
nearly equal amounts of silt, sand, and clay
C
sand and gravel
D
pure humus
2) The most important factors in determining the rate of weathering are
A
rock type and climate
B
abrasion and acids from plant roots
C
carbon dioxide and acid rain
D
animal actions and oxygen
3) In which soil layer would you find loam that is rich in humus
A
C horizon
B
bedrock
C
B horizon
D
A horizon
4) What kind of weathering causes the mineral composition of rocks to change?
A
permeable weathering
B
mechanical weathering
C
general weathering
D
chemical weathering
5) Soil formation begins with the weathering of
A
loam
B
A horizon
C
humus
D
bedrock
6) In conservation plowing, why are dead weeds and stalks of the previous year’s crop left in the ground
A
to keep more organisms out of the soil
B
to reduce the amount of seed needed for the next year’s crop
C
to keep the soil from becoming too fertile
D
to retain moisture and hold the soil in place
7) A hot and wet climate causes weathering to take place
A
unevenly
B
at the same rate as when the climate is dry and cool
C
slowly
D
rapidly
8) Living organisms in soil help to
A
build up the C horizon
B
prevent the formation of humus
C
mix the soil and make humus
D
slow the rate of soil formation
9) What term describes the management of soil to prevent its destruction?
A
soil decomposition
B
soil conservation
C
soil exhaustion
D
soil fertility
10) In a cross section of soil, the B horizon consists of
A
partly weathered rock.
B
humus only.
C
clay, minerals, and little humus.
D
topsoil.
11) What can cause the loss of soil that is not protected by plant cover?
A
chemical weathering
B
mechanical weathering
C
erosion by water or wind
D
too many organisms in the soil
12) A permeable rock weathers easily because it
A
contains many small, connected airspaces.
B
is made up of small particles.
C
is made up of only one mineral.
D
is made up of many minerals.
13) The practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope is called
A
sod plowing.
B
subsoil plowing.
C
drought plowing.
D
contour plowing.
14) When earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then die and decay in the soil, they are contributing to the formation of
A
silt
B
litter
C
humus
D
clay
15) The agent of mechanical weathering in which rock is worn away by the action of other rock particles is called
A
cracking and flaking.
B
abrasion
C
frost wedging.
D
erosion
16) A marble statue is left exposed to the weather. Within a few years, the details on the statue have begun to weather away. This weathering probably is caused by
A
oxygen in the air.
B
abrasion.
C
lichens
D
carbonic acid in rainwater
17) Frost wedging causes mechanical weathering of rock by means of
A
animal actions.
B
heating and cooling
C
plant growth.
D
freezing and thawing of water
18) Plowing removed the grass from the Great Plains and exposed the soil. What effect did this have when a drought struck the Great Plains during the 1930s?
A
It reduced the soil’s fertility.
B
It helped to cause the Dust Bowl.
C
It had no effect.
D
It allowed the soil to hold moisture better.
19) Soil that is rich in humus has high
A
fertility.
B
clay content.
C
water content.
D
sand content.
20) Most of the work of mixing humus within the soil is done by
A
fungi
B
ants
C
bacteria
D
earthworms
*select an answer for all questions
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