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Biology (Webster) - Final Exam Review - DNA And Genetics
Test Description: A little review for your final exam.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) The primary function of DNA is to:
A
store and transmit genetic information
B
make proteins.
C
prevent mutations
D
control chemical processes within cells.
2) All of the following are true about the structure of DNA except:
A
DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides joined by hydrogen bonds.
B
the long strands of nucleotides are twisted into a single helix.
C
every DNA nucleotide contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a base.
D
short strands of DNA are contained in chromosomes inside the nucleus of a cell.
3) Which of the following is not part of a molecule of DNA?
A
nitrogenous base
B
phosphate
C
deoxyribose
D
ribose
4) The base-pairing rules state that the following are base pairs in DNA:
A
adenine—guanine; thymine—cytosine.
B
adenine—thymine; guanine—cytosine.
C
adenine—thymine; uracil—cytosine.
D
uracil—adenine; guanine—cytosine.
5) A portion of a DNA strand has the base sequence of CCTAGCT. What is its complement?
A
TTGCATG
B
AAGTATC
C
CCTAGCT
D
GGATCGA
6) The function of tRNA is to ______________________________.
A
synthesize mRNA
B
synthesize DNA
C
form ribosomes
D
transfer amino acids to ribosomes
7) Which of the following types of RNA carries instructions for making proteins?
A
rRNA
B
tRNA
C
mRNA
8) During transcription, ____________________________.
A
RNA is produced
B
translation occurs
C
proteins are synthesized
D
DNA is replicated
9) Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a specific amino acid is called a(n) _____________________.
A
exon
B
codon
C
mutagen
D
anticodon
10) The process of making proteins from RNA is _________________.
A
transcription
B
peptide synthesis
C
translation
D
replication
11) True-breeding pea plants always:
A
produce offspring that have multiple forms of a trait.
B
are heterozygous
C
are pollinated by hand.
D
produce offspring that have only one form of a trait.
12) Mendel’s finding that the inheritance of one trait had no effect on the inheritance of another became known as the:
A
law of universal inheritance
B
law of dominance
C
law of separate convenience
D
law of independent assortment
13) Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
A
IAIB
B
aa
C
Aa
D
AA
14) The effects of a mutation can be:
A
helpful
B
harmful
C
All of these
D
neutral
15) If a characteristic is sex-linked, it:
A
occurs only in females.
B
can never occur in females.
C
is always fatal.
D
occurs most commonly in males.
16) People with Down syndrome have ___________.
A
46 chromosomes
B
no X chromosomes
C
45 chromosomes
D
47 chromosomes
17) The principle of dominance states that:
A
some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
B
all alleles are recessive.
C
all alleles are dominant.
D
alleles are neither dominant nor recessive.
18) A cross of a black chicken (BB) with a white chicken (WW) produces all speckled offspring (BBWW). This type of inheritance is known as:
A
multiple alleles
B
polygenic inheritance
C
incomplete dominance.
D
codominance.
19) The failure of a chromosome to separate during meiosis is called _____________.
A
nondisjuntion
B
X-chromosome inactivation
C
Turner’s syndrome
D
Down syndrome
20) A carrier of a recessive disorder:
A
has one copy of the allele and DOES NOT exhibit symptoms.
B
has two copies of the allele and DOES NOT exhibit symptoms.
C
has one copy of the allele and DOES exhibit symptoms.
D
has two copies of the allele and DOES exhibit symptoms.
*select an answer for all questions
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