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Biology (Webster) - Final Exam Review - DNA And Genetics
Test Description: A little review for your final exam.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) The primary function of DNA is to:
A
control chemical processes within cells.
B
prevent mutations
C
make proteins.
D
store and transmit genetic information
2) All of the following are true about the structure of DNA except:
A
DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides joined by hydrogen bonds.
B
the long strands of nucleotides are twisted into a single helix.
C
short strands of DNA are contained in chromosomes inside the nucleus of a cell.
D
every DNA nucleotide contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a base.
3) Which of the following is not part of a molecule of DNA?
A
nitrogenous base
B
ribose
C
deoxyribose
D
phosphate
4) The base-pairing rules state that the following are base pairs in DNA:
A
adenine—thymine; uracil—cytosine.
B
adenine—thymine; guanine—cytosine.
C
uracil—adenine; guanine—cytosine.
D
adenine—guanine; thymine—cytosine.
5) A portion of a DNA strand has the base sequence of CCTAGCT. What is its complement?
A
GGATCGA
B
AAGTATC
C
CCTAGCT
D
TTGCATG
6) The function of tRNA is to ______________________________.
A
synthesize mRNA
B
transfer amino acids to ribosomes
C
form ribosomes
D
synthesize DNA
7) Which of the following types of RNA carries instructions for making proteins?
A
tRNA
B
mRNA
C
rRNA
8) During transcription, ____________________________.
A
DNA is replicated
B
RNA is produced
C
proteins are synthesized
D
translation occurs
9) Each nucleotide triplet in mRNA that specifies a specific amino acid is called a(n) _____________________.
A
exon
B
anticodon
C
codon
D
mutagen
10) The process of making proteins from RNA is _________________.
A
peptide synthesis
B
translation
C
replication
D
transcription
11) True-breeding pea plants always:
A
are heterozygous
B
produce offspring that have multiple forms of a trait.
C
produce offspring that have only one form of a trait.
D
are pollinated by hand.
12) Mendel’s finding that the inheritance of one trait had no effect on the inheritance of another became known as the:
A
law of universal inheritance
B
law of separate convenience
C
law of independent assortment
D
law of dominance
13) Which of the following genotypes is homozygous dominant?
A
IAIB
B
Aa
C
AA
D
aa
14) The effects of a mutation can be:
A
helpful
B
harmful
C
All of these
D
neutral
15) If a characteristic is sex-linked, it:
A
occurs most commonly in males.
B
is always fatal.
C
occurs only in females.
D
can never occur in females.
16) People with Down syndrome have ___________.
A
no X chromosomes
B
45 chromosomes
C
46 chromosomes
D
47 chromosomes
17) The principle of dominance states that:
A
some alleles are dominant and others are recessive.
B
all alleles are recessive.
C
alleles are neither dominant nor recessive.
D
all alleles are dominant.
18) A cross of a black chicken (BB) with a white chicken (WW) produces all speckled offspring (BBWW). This type of inheritance is known as:
A
polygenic inheritance
B
multiple alleles
C
incomplete dominance.
D
codominance.
19) The failure of a chromosome to separate during meiosis is called _____________.
A
Turner’s syndrome
B
nondisjuntion
C
X-chromosome inactivation
D
Down syndrome
20) A carrier of a recessive disorder:
A
has two copies of the allele and DOES NOT exhibit symptoms.
B
has one copy of the allele and DOES exhibit symptoms.
C
has two copies of the allele and DOES exhibit symptoms.
D
has one copy of the allele and DOES NOT exhibit symptoms.
*select an answer for all questions
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