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Watersheds Practice
Test Description: Practice for the surface water, groundwater, catastrophic events test
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Hurricanes can harm plants in coastal ecosystems in all of the following ways EXCEPT
A
clouds blocking the Sun for too long
B
high winds knocking down tall trees
C
storm surge moving saltwater onto land
D
soil washing away due to high water
2) Tornadoes can negatively affect an ecosystem when -
A
their strong winds uproot many of the important plants
B
they bring higher temperatures favored by birds
C
the rise in water level they produce introduces harmful salt
D
the saltwater they bring kills off burrowing insects
3) If a tornado uproots most of the trees in an ecosystem, it could be expected that due to the loss of trees, there will be a reduction in -
A
oxygen
B
sunlight
C
soil
D
precipitation
4) Which of the following correctly matches a catastrophic weather event with its effects on an ecosystem?
A
A tornado can move a lot of seawater onto land.
B
A thunderstorm's lightning can start forest fires.
C
A hurricane can kill off plants in deep water.
D
A flood can damage plants with high winds.
5) Fertilizers added to crops on farms can collect in runoff and enter the watershed. This problem would be reduced in areas where -
A
the growing season of the crops is longer
B
farms are situated on the sides of mountains
C
an extended drought leads to little or no rain
D
crops are grown for animals as well as humans
6) When fertilizers enter surface water, they cause problems in the watershed by -
A
causing rapid algal growth (algal bloom) that decrease oxygen levels and choke aquatic life.
B
clogging narrow streams and preventing water from flowing properly.
C
increasing the amount of nutrients available to fish in lakes and streams.
D
raising the water level in nearby rivers to levels leading to flooding.
7) A neighborhood in a small Texas town had to be evacuated because the houses were sinking due to a problem in the aquifer. What is the most likely cause of this problem?
A
Overbuilding in the area polluted the ground water
B
Runoff from fertilized land created a dead zone
C
Excessive removal of water weakened the ground
D
Heavy rains caused oversaturation of soil foundations
8) When runoff crosses the land, it picks up fertilizers that have been used on crops and lawns. These contaminants will eventually enter a lake, river or stream, which may lead to -
A
the water in an aquifer to drop
B
cleaner water for drinking and bathing
C
harmful rapid growth of algae
D
the earth's surface to sink
9) Which of the followin ghuman activities would most likely lead to subsidence, the sinking of the surface of the earth?
A
storing drinking water in small above-ground basins
B
filtering out pollutants at a water treatment plant
C
using toxic chemicals in the manufacturing of goods
D
excess removal of water from underground reservoirs
10) Rapid growth of algae in a pond is often the result of -
A
excess nutrients from fertilizer runoff
B
clogged river tributaries entering a lake
C
loss of habitat due to commercial building
D
flooding that causes water levels to rise
11) A paper company wants to build a paper mill in the watershed where a village exists. In order to minimize potiential pollution to the village, which of the following locations is best to build the mill?
A
downstream from the village
B
nearest to the main street of the village
C
closest to a freshwater stream or river
D
at the highest point in the watershed
12) The Rolling Plains region of Texas has a number of deep canyons. One would expect this region to have -
A
moving glaciers
B
flowing rivers
C
high wind
D
deep lakes
13) From the distinct shapes of sand dunes and their features in a desert, a geologist could most likely determine which of the following?
A
direction of the prevailing (common) wind
B
amount of water nearby
C
daily high and low temperatures
D
age of the formations
14) The land area that supplies water to a river system is called a -
A
stream
B
divide
C
watershed
D
tributary
15) The amount of water a material can hold is known as -
A
saturated
B
porosity
C
permeability
D
impermeability
16) How easily water can flow through a material is know as -
A
porosity
B
permeability
C
saturated
D
impermeability
17) The boundary in the soil below which is completely saturated is called -
A
spring
B
flood
C
water table
D
subsidence
18) In order for a well to have water in it, the bottom needs to be below the -
A
impermeable
B
spring
C
water table
D
aquifer
19) The area of land where new water enters an aquifer is called the -
A
permeable layer
B
groundwater
C
recharge zone
D
watershed
20) Which of the following is likely to be the most permeable?
A
solid rock
B
silt
C
clay
D
sand
*select an answer for all questions
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