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BIOL G220 Unit 4 Lecture Exam Review C
Test Description: Lecture day 22 material (circulation)
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) the circulatory system of the human body can be divided into two main branches, the _________ which goes through the lungs, and the _________ which passes through the rest of the body
A
medial, lateral
B
pulmonary, systemic
C
arterial, venous
D
visceral, parietal
2) blood travels away from the heart in vessels called______, and towards the heart in vessels known as ___________
A
efferents, afferents
B
blood vessels, lymph vessels
C
arteries, veins
D
veins, arteries
3) in addition to arteries and veins, there is a third class of blood vessels, the ______
A
arterivenuoles
B
intermediate venofbibrils
C
blood ducts
D
capillaries
4) as arteries travel away from the heart their diameter ___, as veins get closer to the heart their diameter
A
decreases, increases
B
stays the same in both cases: only the walls get thicker and thinner
C
fluctuates
D
increases, decreases
5) a blood vessel connecting two other blood vessels, which creates a redundant pathway for blood flow is an
A
collateral
B
anastomosis
C
shunt
D
arteriole
6) blood vessels have up to three layers, to varying degrees: in order from the outermost to the innermost
A
tunica externa, tunica media, tunica intima
B
fibrovenosus, myovenosus, serovenosus
C
endocarp, pericarp, exocarp
D
perivenosum, mediavenosum, endovenosum
7) the tunica media consists primarily of
A
loose connective tissue
B
endothelial tissue
C
elastocartilage
D
smooth muscle
8) arteries are classified into three structural groups: in order from closest to the heart to farthest they are
A
great, middle, small
B
proximal, medial, distal
C
elastic, muscular, arterioles
D
muscular, elastic, anastomoes
9) arteries nearest the heart have the most _______ fibers, as they are subject to the most pressure
A
muscle
B
reticular
C
elastic
D
collagen
10) the contraction of the heart produces pressure waves in the arteries, the peaks of which give _________ blood pressure
A
hypertensive
B
systolic
C
diastolic
D
normal
11) muscular arteries have a thicker ____ ___ and fewer ____ fibers compared to elastic arteries
A
tunica media, collagen
B
tunica externa, reticular
C
tunica intima, elastic
D
tunica media, elastic
12) arterioles have the thinnest _____ ______, and control blood flow to the _______
A
tunica media, capillaries
B
tunica intima, lungs
C
tunica media, heart
D
tunica externa, veins
13) small rings of smooth muscle called ______ _______ encircle the metarterioles and arteriole side of capillary beds.
A
midcapillary sphincters
B
vasoconstrictive tunics
C
precapillary sphincters
D
postarteriole enclosures
14) capillaries have only one of the three possible blood vessel layers, the
A
tunica externa
B
tunica media
C
tunica intima
D
tunica inominosa
15) precapillary sphincters regulate blood flow to the capillaries by a process called
A
vasovalvation
B
vasoinfiltration
C
vasorestriction
D
vasoconstriction
16) of the three types of capillaries, the ones with tight junctions between the cells and no pores are
A
fenestrated
B
superserous
C
sinusoid
D
continuous
17) the small holes in fenestrated capillaries allow _____ to pass more readily through, and are found in glands, intestines and ____
A
blood cells, bone marrow
B
proteins, the exocrine portion of the panceras
C
gasses, alveoli
D
fluid, kidneys
18) approximately ___ of the blood in the body is in the veins
A
none
B
40%
C
all
D
60%
19) as the blood in the veins is under ________ pressure, veins have numerous ______
A
very low, bicuspid valves
B
moderate, auxiallary pumps
C
extreme, collagen fibers
D
attack by pathogens, macrophages
20) venous return to the heart is assisted passively by
A
osmotic pressure between the interstitial fluid and the capillary lumen
B
buoyancy conveyed to the venous blood by dissolved carbon dioxide
C
skeletal muscle contraction
D
thermal gradient between the periphery and the heart
*select an answer for all questions
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