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BIOL G220 Unit 4 Lecture Exam Review B
Test Description: Lecture 21 material (heart)
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) the human heart beats, on average, approximately
A
80 rpm
B
40 times per second
C
360 times per hour
D
70 times per minute
2) the human heart is essentially two co-joined pumps: the one on the left pumps blood to the ____, while the one on the right pumps blood to the _____
A
body, soul
B
lungs, body
C
body, lungs
D
body, heart itself
3) the heart is located in the ______, just deep to the _____
A
superior thoracic, clavicles
B
mediastinum, sternum
C
superior abdominal, liver
D
thoracocardial fossa, pectoralis minor
4) The human heart is surrounded by a set of membranes collectively known as the
A
pericardium
B
epicardialis
C
cardiac sac
D
myocardial envelope
5) the outermost layer of the pericardium is
A
actually two layers with elastic fibers between them
B
all of the answers are true
C
made of smooth muscle
D
thick and fibrous
6) the inner layer of the pericardium is
A
Serous, with fluid filled spaces
B
has an innermost layer also known as the epicardium
C
all of the answers are true
D
comprised of two layers, the parietal and viceral
7) The heart 'wall' consists of 3 layers: from the outermost to the innermost these are
A
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
B
stucco, plaster, concrete
C
endocardium, mesocardium, epicardium
D
epicardium, mesocardium, tunica intima
8) the heart contains a fibrous 'skeleton', the anulus fibrosus, which consists of four interconnected fibrous rings that encircle the base of the valves: this is made of
A
dense connective tissue
B
reticular and elastic fibers, but not collagen
C
cardiac muscle tissue
D
fibrocartilage
9) the purpose of valves in the heart is
A
to regulate blood pressure
B
to allow blood to flow into the heart on one stroke, and out to the lungs on the next
C
to prevent premature contraction of the ventricles
D
to ensure a one-way flow of blood
10) the valves in the heart fall into two main categories based on location/structure, which are intimately connected to the forces placed on said valves- they are the
A
arterial and venous valves
B
semilunar valves and atrioventricular valves
C
bicuspid and tricuspid valves
D
pulmonary and systemic valves
11) the atrioventricular valves are anchored to the walls of the ventricles with several chordae tendinae and papillary muscles: why?
A
to allow the muscles pull on the valves, thus manually opening them so blood can flow out
B
to generally confuse the heck out of anatomy students, and, if they are inadequately prepared, cardiologists.
C
to prevent blood from flowing between the left and right ventricles, and the left and right atria
D
to withstand the pressure of ventricular contraction without prolapsing
12) The heart valve that needs to withstand the greatest pressure is the
A
the right semilunar, or pulmonary valve
B
the tricuspid, or right atrioventricular valve
C
mitral, aka the left atrioventricular or bicuspid valve
D
the left semilunar, or aortic valve
13) which chamber of the heart has the thickest wall?
A
Left Ventricle
B
Right Ventricle
C
Right Atrium
D
Left Atrium
14) The heart itself is supplied by blood vessels collectively known as
A
great cardiac vessels
B
coronary veins
C
endocardiomyovasculature
D
coronary arteries
15) the muscle fibers in the heart are connected end to end via
A
cardiofibrils
B
chordae tendinae
C
intercalated discs
D
thickened Z discs
16) the unique junctions between cardiac muscle cells allow them to
A
conduct impulses
B
share mitochondria
C
contract without shortening: they only get thicker so as to squeeze out the blood in a pumping action
D
spontanously contract
17) the heart has a 'pacemaker' a bundle of cells that steadily depolarize between action potentials, making them
A
autotonic
B
autonomic
C
autorythmic
D
autophasic
18) the pacemaker of the heart, where contractile impulses originate, is in the
A
Purkinje fibers
B
Sino Atrial (SA) Node
C
Atrio Ventricular (AV) Node
D
Bundle of His
19) the heart rate is ________ by input from the sympathetic nervous system through the ________
A
increased, sympathetic trunk
B
modified, pineal gland
C
increased, posterior root ganglion
D
decreased, rami communicates
20) the heart rate is ________ by input from the parasympathetic nervous system through everyone's favorite cranial nerve, #__. the ______
A
stabilized, 11: Accessory
B
decreased, 10: Vagus
C
decreased, 5:Trochlear
D
increased, 9: Glossopharyngeal
*select an answer for all questions
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