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Reproduction And Genetics Part 2
Test Description: Aligned with MD CLG.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which amino acid would be transferred to the position of codon CAC?
A
GCU--Arginine
B
GUG--Histidine
C
UGU--Threonine
D
GAA--Leucine
2) A scientist puts nucleotide chains of UUUUUU in a test tube under conditions allowing protein synthesis. Soon the test tube is full of polypeptide chains composed of only the amino acid phenylalanine. What does this experiment indicate?
A
Most proteins contain only one type of amino acid.
B
Protein synthesis malfunctions in test tubes.
C
UUU codes for the amino acid phenylalanine.
D
The amino acid phenylalanine is composed of uracil.
3) If a segment of DNA is TAC GAT TAG, the complementary mRNA strand that results from this segment will be
A
AUG CUA AUC
B
ATG CTA ATA
C
UAC GAU UAG
D
TAC GAT TAU
4) Genetic information usually flows in one specific direction. Which of the following best represents this flow?
A
RNA to Protein to DNA
B
DNA to Protein to RNA
C
Protein to RNA to DNA
D
DNA to RNA to Protein
5) Crossing over results in which of these?
A
translation
B
new gene combinations
C
fertilization
D
a new zygote
6) Mutations
A
are constantly happening in the gene pool.
B
do not happen very often.
C
happen more often to homozygous gene pairs.
D
cause more offspring to be heterozygous.
7) Which of the following best describes the result of a mutation in an organism’s DNA?
A
The mutation causes damage when it occurs.
B
The mutation may cause phenotypic change.
C
The mutation may produce a zygote.
D
The mutation creates entirely new organisms.
8) For a long time, penicillin was given to people to kill the bacteria which caused ear infections. Lately, some ear infections are not cured by penicillin. Which is the best explanation for this?
A
Some bacteria reproduce faster than the penicillin.
B
Some ear infections are caused by bacteria from sore throats.
C
Some bacteria have mutated and are not killed by the penicillin.
D
Not enough penicillin was taken to kill all the bacteria.
9) Genetic mutations are harmful or beneficial changes that occur in an individual’s
A
nucleotide base sequence in a protein.
B
amino acid sequence in DNA.
C
nucleotide base sequence in DNA.
D
amino acid sequence of a gene.
10) Harmful genetic mutations that occur in an individual’s somatic cells will
A
harm the individual’s offspring.
B
not be passed to offspring.
C
cause cancer in the individual.
D
cause cancer in the individual’s offspring.
11) Genetic engineering to create biomedical products that benefit society often involves the use of recombinant DNA technology. Recombinant DNA is DNA that has
A
many genetic mutations.
B
resistance to genetic disease.
C
genes inserted from other organisms.
D
been taken from a crime scene.
12) DNA manipulation is used to produce beneficial products, such as human insulin. Strands labeled A and C are both part of the same individual's DNA. When DNA fragment B is inserted in between fragments A and C, the resulting DNA is know
A
recombinant DNA.
B
a mutated gene
C
a clone.
D
mitochondrial DNA
13) Apomixis is a type of asexual reproduction in which adult plants grow directly from egg cells. Which of these does not occur during apomixis?
A
Mitosis
B
Translation
C
Fertilization
D
Transcription
14) Which of these make up the primary link between a gene and the expression of a trait?
A
Sugars
B
Lipids
C
Vitamins
D
Proteins
15) Which of these does NOT occur during meiosis?
A
production of new gene combinations
B
production of identical gametes
C
reduction of chromosome number by one-half
D
crossing-over of homologous chromosomes
16) One kind of chromosomal mutation can occur during meiosis when a pair of chromosomes that carry genes for the same trait fail to separate. Which of these represents the sex chromosomes of a male organism when this type of chromosomal mutation has occ
A
XY
B
XX
C
XXX
D
XXY
17) Original strand--ATT CAG. New strand--UAA GUC. This new strand will most likely be used for
A
protein synthesis
B
crossing over
C
gene splicing
D
DNA synthesis
18) Which of these is an example of a heterozygous genotype?
A
RR
B
wrinkled
C
Rr
D
round
19) Normal thymine (T) is found in the old strand. It is replaced by an abnormal molecule (T*) in the new strand. The abnormal molecule (T*) binds to guanine (G) instead of binding to adenine (A). This is an example of
A
an adaptation
B
protein synthesis
C
mutation
D
binary fission
20) The genetic information for making a protein must move from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Which of these moves this information to the cytoplasm?
A
an amino acid
B
a ribosome
C
RNA
D
DNA
*select an answer for all questions
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