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Weathering And Soil
Test Description: Chapter 2: Earth's Surface
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) The type of soil called loam is made up of
A
sand and gravel
B
pure humus
C
mostly clay
D
nearly equal amounts of silt, sand, and clay
2) The most important factors in determining the rate of weathering are
A
carbon dioxide and acid rain
B
abrasion and acids from plant roots
C
rock type and climate
D
animal actions and oxygen
3) In which soil layer would you find loam that is rich in humus
A
B horizon
B
bedrock
C
A horizon
D
C horizon
4) What kind of weathering causes the mineral composition of rocks to change?
A
general weathering
B
mechanical weathering
C
chemical weathering
D
permeable weathering
5) Soil formation begins with the weathering of
A
A horizon
B
humus
C
loam
D
bedrock
6) In conservation plowing, why are dead weeds and stalks of the previous year’s crop left in the ground
A
to reduce the amount of seed needed for the next year’s crop
B
to keep more organisms out of the soil
C
to retain moisture and hold the soil in place
D
to keep the soil from becoming too fertile
7) A hot and wet climate causes weathering to take place
A
slowly
B
at the same rate as when the climate is dry and cool
C
rapidly
D
unevenly
8) Living organisms in soil help to
A
build up the C horizon
B
prevent the formation of humus
C
mix the soil and make humus
D
slow the rate of soil formation
9) What term describes the management of soil to prevent its destruction?
A
soil decomposition
B
soil exhaustion
C
soil fertility
D
soil conservation
10) In a cross section of soil, the B horizon consists of
A
clay, minerals, and little humus.
B
partly weathered rock.
C
topsoil.
D
humus only.
11) What can cause the loss of soil that is not protected by plant cover?
A
chemical weathering
B
erosion by water or wind
C
too many organisms in the soil
D
mechanical weathering
12) A permeable rock weathers easily because it
A
is made up of many minerals.
B
is made up of small particles.
C
contains many small, connected airspaces.
D
is made up of only one mineral.
13) The practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope is called
A
subsoil plowing.
B
drought plowing.
C
sod plowing.
D
contour plowing.
14) When earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then die and decay in the soil, they are contributing to the formation of
A
clay
B
humus
C
silt
D
litter
15) The agent of mechanical weathering in which rock is worn away by the action of other rock particles is called
A
abrasion
B
frost wedging.
C
erosion
D
cracking and flaking.
16) A marble statue is left exposed to the weather. Within a few years, the details on the statue have begun to weather away. This weathering probably is caused by
A
abrasion.
B
lichens
C
oxygen in the air.
D
carbonic acid in rainwater
17) Frost wedging causes mechanical weathering of rock by means of
A
freezing and thawing of water
B
animal actions.
C
heating and cooling
D
plant growth.
18) Plowing removed the grass from the Great Plains and exposed the soil. What effect did this have when a drought struck the Great Plains during the 1930s?
A
It allowed the soil to hold moisture better.
B
It helped to cause the Dust Bowl.
C
It had no effect.
D
It reduced the soil’s fertility.
19) Soil that is rich in humus has high
A
fertility.
B
clay content.
C
water content.
D
sand content.
20) Most of the work of mixing humus within the soil is done by
A
fungi
B
ants
C
bacteria
D
earthworms
*select an answer for all questions
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