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Biology Exam Review - Genetics
Test Description: Genetics
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What are nucleic acids?
A
Proteins
B
Macromolecules carrying genetic information
C
Lipids
D
Carbohydrates
2) How many carbon rings do purines have?
A
3
B
4
C
2
D
1
3) Radioactive or fluorescent-labeled RNA or single-stranded DNA pieces that are complementary to the gene of interest and are used to confirm the presence of a cloned gene are called
A
probes
B
clones
C
plasmids
D
vaccines
4) Who laid the foundation for genetics and explained dominant and recessive traits in 1865?
A
Rosalind Franklin
B
James Watson
C
Avery and Hersey
D
Gregor Mendel
5) Which base pairing is correct according to the DNA structure?
A
Thymine-Cytosine
B
Adenine-Uracil
C
Guanine-Adenine
D
Adenine-Thymine
6) Who confirmed that DNA, not proteins, is the genetic material using a blender in 1944?
A
Chargaff
B
Watson and Crick
C
Avery, Hersey, and Chase
D
Wilkins and Franklin
7) What does Chargaff's rule state?
A
Genes encode proteins
B
Purines are smaller bases
C
Adenine equals thymine
D
Guanine pairs with cytosine
8) Which of the following is a pyrimidine base in DNA?
A
Adenine
B
Guanine
C
Uracil
D
Thymine
9) What is the process of unwinding DNA, separating the strands, and building new complementary strands that will become an identical version of that DNA called?
A
Transcription
B
Gel electrophoresis
C
Translation
D
DNA replication
10) What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?
A
RNA is the master copy, DNA is a temporary messenger
B
There are no differences
C
DNA has a double helix structure, RNA has a single strand
D
DNA has uracil, while RNA has thymine
11) What is the purpose of gel electrophoresis?
A
Destroy DNA
B
Separation of DNA fragments based on size
C
Transcription
D
No purpose
12) What do we use to cut the DNA before gel electrophoresis?
A
DNA polymerase
B
Lipase
C
Helicase
D
Restriction enzymes
13) In gel electrophoresis, the smallest DNA fragments can be found...
A
Still in the test tube
B
Stuck in the well
C
Farthest from the well
D
Closest to the well
14) Where does transcription occur in the cell?
A
The cytoplasm
B
Cell Membrane
C
Nucleus
D
The ribosome
15) Transcription is
A
making a protein from mRNA
B
making mRNA using DNA
C
copying a cell
D
making DNA from a fertilized egg
16) The purpose of transcription and translation is to...
A
make DNA
B
make new cells
C
make proteins
D
make ribosomes
17) The function of tRNA is to ______________________________.
A
transfer amino acids to ribosomes
B
form ribosomes
C
synthesize DNA
D
synthesize mRNA
18) What are the 3 parts of a nucleotide?
A
sugar, hydrogen bond, base
B
hydrogen bond, glucose sugar, adenine
C
sugar, base, phosphate
D
thymine, guanine, deoxyribose sugar
*select an answer for all questions
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