threadlike structures made of DNA molecules that contain the genes

A complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes.

A molecule made up of amino acids needed for the body to function properly. They are the basis of body structures, such as skin and hair, and of other substances such as enzymes, and antibodies.

DNA segments that serve as the key functional units in the inheritance of genetic traits

cell division in which the nucleus divides to produce the same number of chromosomes

Cell division that produces reproductive cells in sexually reproducing organisms

changes in the genetic material

molecule that carries copies of instructions for the assembly of amino acids into proteins from DNA to the rest of the cell

cell organelle that makes proteins

process whereby the DNA sequence in a gene is copied

Structural changes to genes (mutations) located on chromosomes may affect proteins and may result in __________ effects to the structure and function of the organism.

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