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Hydrosphere - 8.E.1
Test Description: Post Unit Test for 8th Grade NCSCOS
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which best describes the characteristics of a river basin?
A
C. the land at the mouth of a river where water flows into the ocean
B
D. the land formed as a result of a river flooding
C
B. the land formed when rivers create estuaries and marshes
D
A. the land drained by a river and its tributaries
2) If water is recycled in the atmosphere, which best describes why water availability on Earth is decreasing?
A
C. Earth’s freshwater continues to become more polluted, reducing the supply of freshwater safe for humans to consume.
B
A. An increase in droughts is slowly reducing freshwater reservoirs.
C
D. none of the above answers are correct.
D
B. Due to an increase in Earth’s temperature, evaporation rates continue to increase reducing liquid water on the surface.
3) Which tool would most likely be used by scientists to explore a hydrothermal vent at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge?
A
satellite imagery
B
remote operated vehicle
C
buoy
D
sonar
4) Deep ocean technology has discovered organisms in hydrothermal vents that do not rely on sunlight to survive. What do these organisms use as their energy source?
A
D. thermal heat
B
A. chemosynthesis
C
C. hydropower
D
B. electrical charge
5) Why is water from an aquifer more likely to be cleaner than water from other sources?
A
A. because it forms where fresh and saltwater meet
B
D. because pollutants are filtered by rock and soil deep within Earth
C
B. because it receives water directly from precipitation
D
C. because it rises to the surface near the ocean
6) Heavy rainfall occurs over a farm that had a recent application of fertilizer. What effect will runoff from this farm have on a lake that is located downhill from the farm?
A
It will decrease the concentration of nitrates and phosphates in the lake’s water.
B
It will decrease the turbidity of the lake’s water.
C
It will increase the concentration of nitrates and phosphates in the lake’s water.
D
It will increase the temperature of the lake’s water.
7) As the temperature of a body of water increases, which factor(s) will be most affected?
A
nitrates and phosphates
B
pH and nitrates
C
turbidity
D
dissolved oxygen
8) Which conditions indicate that a water system is healthy?
A
low temperature, low dissolved oxygen, and high numbers of bioindicators
B
high dissolved oxygen, low temperature, and high nitrates
C
low dissolved oxygen, high temperature, and low nitrates
D
high numbers of bioindicators, low temperature, and high dissolved oxygen
9) Which best explains why all of the Earth’s freshwater is not available for human use?
A
Most of Earth’s freshwater is underground.
B
Most of Earth’s freshwater is only in lakes.
C
Most of Earth’s freshwater is still in the water cycle.
D
Most of Earth’s freshwater is frozen water.
10) A process powered by adhesion and cohesion that causes water molecules to move upward through a narrow tube such as the stem of a plant without the use of energy is called:
A
Solubility
B
Capillary Action
C
Heat of Vaporization
D
Surface tension
11) When the accumulation of rain flows over the parking lots and roads in North Carolina, it washes pollutants into bodies of water. How is the pollution classified?
A
who cares!
B
i don't know!
C
Point source pollution
D
Nonpoint source pollution
12) About what percent of earth’s water is not ocean water?
A
3%
B
10%
C
97%
D
1%
13) Which combination of processes from the water cycle is MOST LIKELY to cause flooding?
A
high runoff, low infiltration, high precipitation
B
high runoff, low evaporation, low precipitation
C
low runoff, high infiltration, high condensation
D
low runoff, low evaporation, high transpiration
14) An industrial power plant dumps its heated wastewater straight from a pipe into a stream. This is an example of -
A
blah blah!
B
blah!
C
Point-source pollution
D
Nonpoint source pollution
15) A partially-enclosed coastal region where sea water mixes with freshwater is called a(n) _______.
A
aquifer
B
hydrothermal vent
C
upwelling
D
estuary
16) Hydrothermal vents, submarine hot springs, and methane cold seeps release heat and chemicals deep below the surface of the ocean. Surprisingly, the areas around these sites are able to support ecosystems. Based on this information, such ocean ecosyst
A
primary consumers that obtain energy from photosynthetic plants.
B
primary producers that create energy from oxidizing chemicals.
C
primary producers that obtain energy from photosynthetic plants.
D
primary consumers that create energy from oxidizing chemicals.
17) An estuary is
A
a body of water formed where freshwater and saltwater mix.
B
an abiotic factor of a watershed.
C
the beginning of a river.
D
a relatively flat land stretching from either side of a river.
18) Which sentence below best explains the process of upwelling?
A
Cold water rises up from deep layers of the ocean to the ocean's surface.
B
Dense water sinks down from the shallow layers of the ocean to the deeper levels.
C
Cold water sinks down from the shallow layers of the ocean to the deeper depths.
D
Warm water rises up from deep layers of the ocean to the ocean's surface.
*select an answer for all questions
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