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Genetics 1: DNA, Genes, Protein Synthesis
Test Description: Use your knowledge of Living Environment to answer all questions in the data set. You may need a calculator to answer some of the questions. Good Luck.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which diagram best represents the relative locations of the structures in the key below?
A
4
B
2
C
3
D
1
2) Hereditary information is stored inside the
A
nucleus, which has genes that contain many chromosomes
B
ribosomes, which have chromosomes that contain many genes
C
ribosomes, which have genes that contain many chromosomes
D
nucleus, which has chromosomes that contain many genes
3) The largest amount of DNA in a plant cell is contained in
A
an enzyme molecule
B
a protein molecule
C
a nucleus
D
a chromosome
4) Which two structures of a frog would most likely have the same chromosome number?
A
skin cell and fertilized egg cell
B
kidney cell and egg cell
C
liver cell and sperm cell
D
zygote and sperm cell
5) Chromosomes can be described as
A
folded chains of bonded glucose molecules
B
large molecules that have only one function
C
coiled strands of genetic material
D
reproductive cells composed of molecular bases
6) A mutation changes a gene in a cell in the stomach of an organism. This mutation could cause a change in
A
neither the organism nor its offspring
B
the organism, but not its offspring
C
both the organism and its offspring
D
its offspring, but not the organism itself
7) The transfer of genes from parents to their offspring is known as
A
heredity
B
evolution
C
differentiation
D
immunity
8) Hereditary traits are transmitted from generation to generation by means of
A
specific sequences of bases in DNA in reproductive cells
B
carbohydrates in body cells
C
specific starches making up DNA in reproductive cells
D
proteins in body cells
9) In all organisms, the coded instructions for specifying the characteristics of the organism are directly determined by the arrangement of the
A
twenty-three pairs of genes on each chromosome
B
twenty kinds of amino acids in each protein
C
strands of simple sugars in certain carbohydrate molecules
D
four types of molecular bases in the genes
10) A certain protein is found in mitochondria, chloroplasts, and bacteria. This provides evidence that plants and bacteria
A
digest proteins into simple sugars
B
contain certain pathogenic microbes
C
have some similar DNA base sequences
D
can use carbon dioxide to make proteins
11) Genes involved in the production of abnormal red blood cells have an abnormal sequence of
A
sugars
B
amino acids
C
ATP molecules
D
bases
12) Which statement best describes the relationship between cells, DNA, and proteins?
A
Proteins are used to produce cells that link amino acids together into DNA.
B
Cells contain DNA that controls the production of proteins.
C
Cells are linked together by proteins to make different kinds of DNA molecules.
D
DNA is composed of proteins that carry coded information for how cells function.
Helpful Hint
Three structures are represented in the diagram below.
13) What is the relationship between these three structures?
A
The cell is composed only of DNA and protein.
B
Protein is composed of DNA that is stored in the cell.
C
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell.
D
DNA is made up of proteins that are synthesized in the cell.
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents a portion of an organic molecule.
14) This molecule controls cellular activity by directing the synthesis of
A
proteins
B
carbohydrates
C
fats
D
minerals
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents an incomplete section of a DNA molecule. The boxes represent unidentified bases.
15) What will be the total number of bases represented by the letter A (both inside and outside the boxes) when the boxes are completely filled in?
A
3
B
2
C
4
D
1
16) One disadvantage of a genetic mutation in a human skin cell is that it
A
may alter the sequence of simple sugars in insulin molecules
B
can lead to a lower mutation rate in the offspring of the human
C
can alter the rate of all the metabolic processes in the human
D
may result in the production of a defective protein
17) A characteristic of a DNA molecule that is not characteristic of a protein molecule is that the DNA molecule
A
is found in nuclei
B
can replicate itself
C
can be very large
D
is composed of subunits
18) Two proteins in the same cell perform different functions. This is because the two proteins are composed of
A
chains folded the same way and the same sequence of amino acids
B
chains folded differently and a different sequence of simple sugars
C
chains folded the same way and the same sequence of simple sugars
D
chains folded differently and a different sequence of amino acids
19) Which nuclear process is represented below?
A
replication
B
fertilization
C
mutation
D
recombination
Helpful Hint
The diagram below shows some of the steps in protein synthesis.
20) The section of DNA being used to make the strand of mRNA is known as a
A
chromosome
B
ribosome
C
gene
D
carbohydrate
*select an answer for all questions
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