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Reproduction And Development
Test Description: Use your knowledge of Living Environment to answer all questions in the data set. You may need a calculator to answer some of the questions. Good Luck.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
Helpful Hint
A technique used to reproduce plants is shown in the diagram below.
1) This technique is a form of
A
gamete production
B
sexual reproduction
C
gene manipulation
D
asexual reproduction
2) Strawberries can reproduce by means of runners, which are stems that grow horizontally along the ground. At the region of the runner that touches the ground, a new plant develops. The new plant is genetically identical to the parent because
A
nuclei traveled to the new plant through the runner to fertilize it
B
it was produced sexually
C
there were no other strawberry plants in the area to provide fertilization
D
it was produced asexually
3) When a planarian (a type of worm) is cut in half, each half usually grows back into a complete worm over time. This situation most closely resembles
A
asexual reproduction of a single-celled organism
B
asexual reproduction in which a mutation has occurred
C
sexual reproduction of a single-celled organism
D
sexual reproduction in which each half represents one parent
Helpful Hint
The organism represented below is multicellular, heterotrophic, and completely aquatic.
4) Which other characteristics could be used to describe this organism?
A
deposits cellular wastes on land and decomposes dead organisms
B
carries out photosynthesis and needs oxygen
C
reproduces asexually and is a consumer
D
reproduces in a water habitat and is a producer
5) Which row in the chart below best describes asexual reproduction?
A
3
B
1
C
4
D
2
6) A tree produces only seedless oranges. A small branch cut from this tree produces roots after it is planted in soil. When mature, this new tree will most likely produce
A
oranges and other kinds of fruit
B
oranges without seeds, only
C
a majority of oranges with seeds and only a few oranges without seeds
D
oranges with seeds, only
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents a yeast cell that is in the process of budding, a form of asexual reproduction.
7) Which of the following statements describes the outcome of this process?
A
The bud will start to divide by the process of meiotic cell division.
B
The two cells that result will each contain half the species number of chromosomes.
C
The bud will develop into a zygote.
D
The two cells that result will have identical DNA.
Helpful Hint
A pattern of reproduction and growth in a one-celled organism is shown below.
8) Which statement best describes this pattern of reproduction?
A
All genetic material comes from one parent.
B
Only some of the genetic material comes from one parent.
C
The size of the parent determines the amount of genetic material.
D
The size of the parent determines the source of the genetic material.
9) Asexually reproducing organisms pass on hereditary information as
A
chains of complex amino acids
B
sequences of A, T, C, and G
C
simple inorganic sugars
D
folded protein molecules
10) Viruses frequently infect bacteria and insert new genes into the genetic material of the bacteria. When these infected bacteria reproduce asexually, which genes would most likely be passed on?
A
only the original genes
B
neither the original nor the new genes
C
both the original and the new genes
D
only the new genes
11) A certain bacterial colony originated from the division of a single bacterial cell. Each cell in this colony will most likely
A
synthesize the same proteins and enzymes
B
express adaptations unlike those of the other cells
C
have a resistance to different antibiotics
D
replicate different numbers of genes
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents single-celled organism A dividing by mitosis to form cells B and C.
12) Cells A, B, and C all produced protein X. What can best be inferred from this observation?
A
The gene to produce protein X was passed from cell A to cells B and C.
B
Protein X is found in all organisms.
C
Cells A, B, and C ingested food containing the gene to produce protein X.
D
The gene for protein X is found in single-celled organisms, only.
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents a single-celled organism, such as an ameba, undergoing the changes shown.
13) As a result of the processes shown, the single-celled organism accomplishes
A
sexual reproduction
B
gamete production
C
energy production
D
asexual reproduction
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents a single-celled organism, such as an ameba, undergoing the changes shown.
14) In the diagram shown, process 1 is known as
A
replication
B
digestion
C
differentiation
D
meiosis
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents a single-celled organism, such as an ameba, undergoing the changes shown.
15) In the diagram shown, process 1 and process 2 are directly involved in
A
recombination
B
fertilization
C
meiotic cell division
D
mitotic cell division
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents a single-celled organism, such as an ameba, undergoing the changes shown.
16) In the diagram shown, the genetic content of C is usually identical to the genetic content of
A
both B and D
B
B but not D
C
D but not A
D
both A and D
Helpful Hint
The sequence of events occurring in the life cycle of a bacterium is listed. (A) The bacterium copies its single chromosome. (B) The copies of the chromosome attach to the cell membrane of the bacterium. (C) As the cell grows, the two copies of the chromosome separate. (D) The cell is separated by a wall into equal halves. (E) Each new cell has one copy of the chromosome.
17) This sequence most closely resembles the process of
A
mitotic cell division
B
recombination
C
zygote formation
D
meiotic cell division
18) The least genetic variation will probably be found in the offspring of organisms that reproduce using
A
mitosis to produce a larger population
B
fusion of eggs and sperm to produce zygotes
C
meiosis to produce gametes
D
internal fertilization to produce an embryo
Helpful Hint
The diagram below illustrates the process of cell division.
19) What is the significance of anaphase in this process?
A
Anaphase usually ensures that each daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
B
In anaphase, the DNA is being replicated.
C
Anaphase usually ensures that each daughter cell has twice as many chromosomes as the parent cell.
D
In anaphase, the cell splits in half.
Helpful Hint
The chromosome content of a skin cell that is about to form two new skin cells is represented in the diagram shown.
20) Which diagram best represents the chromosomes that would be found in the two new skin cells produced as a result of this process?
A
1
B
2
C
4
D
3
*select an answer for all questions
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