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Photosynthesis And Respiration
Test Description: Use your knowledge of Living Environment to answer all questions in the data set. You may need a calculator to answer some of the questions. Good Luck.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
Helpful Hint
The diagram below illustrates the movement of materials involved in a process that is vital for the energy needs of organisms.
1) The process illustrated occurs within
A
mitochondria
B
vacuoles
C
ribosomes
D
chloroplasts
2) The interaction between guard cells and a leaf opening would not be involved in
A
heterotrophic nutrition
B
diffusion of carbon dioxide
C
feedback mechanisms
D
maintaining homeostasis
3) An enzyme known as rubisco enables plants to use large amounts of carbon dioxide. This enzyme is most likely active in the
A
vacuoles
B
chloroplasts
C
nucleus
D
mitochondria
4) Scientists studying ocean organisms are discovering new and unusual species. Which observation could be used to determine that an ocean organism carries out autotrophic nutrition?
A
Chloroplasts are visible inside the cells.
B
Digestive organs are visible upon dissection.
C
The organism lives close to the surface.
D
The organism synthesizes enzymes to digest food.
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents events associated with a biochemical process that occurs in some organisms.
5) Which of the following statements concerning this process is correct?
A
The process represented is photosynthesis and the primary source of energy for the process is the Sun.
B
This process converts energy in organic compounds into solar energy which is released into the atmosphere.
C
The process represented is respiration and the primary source of energy for the process is the Sun.
D
This process uses solar energy to convert oxygen into carbon dioxide.
Helpful Hint
The green aquatic plant represented in the diagram below was exposed to light for several hours.
6) Which gas would most likely be found in the greatest amount in the bubbles?
A
oxygen
B
ozone
C
nitrogen
D
carbon dioxide
Helpful Hint
A small water plant (elodea) was placed in bright sunlight for five hours as indicated below. Bubbles of oxygen gas were observed being released from the plant.
7) Since oxygen gas is being released in the experiment shown, it can be inferred that the plant is
A
making protein
B
releasing energy from water
C
carrying on active transport
D
producing glucose
Helpful Hint
A small water plant (elodea) was placed in bright sunlight for five hours as indicated below. Bubbles of oxygen gas were observed being released from the plant.
8) What substance did the plant shown most likely absorb from the water for the process that produces the oxygen gas?
A
dissolved nitrogen
B
an enzyme
C
a hormone
D
carbon dioxide
9) In the transfer of energy from the Sun to ecosystems, which molecule is one of the first to store this energy?
A
protein
B
glucose
C
fat
D
DNA
10) Starch molecules present in a maple tree are made from materials that originally entered the tree from the external environment as
A
simple sugars
B
inorganic compounds
C
enzymes
D
amino acids
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents a biological process.
11) Which set of molecules is best represented by letters A and B?
A
A: carbon dioxide and water; B: glucose
B
A: glucose; B: carbon dioxide and water
C
A: glucose; B: oxygen and water
D
A: oxygen and water; B: glucose
12) Much of the carbon dioxide produced by green plants is not excreted as a metabolic waste because it
A
can be used for photosynthesis
B
can be used for the synthesis of proteins
C
is needed for cellular respiration
D
is too large to pass through cell membranes
Helpful Hint
A word equation is shown as follows.
13) This reaction is most directly involved in the process of
A
replication
B
protein synthesis
C
reproduction
D
heterotrophic nutrition
Helpful Hint
The chart below contains both autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms.
14) Organisms that carry out only heterotrophic nutrition are found in
A
row B, only
B
rows A and B, only
C
row A, only
D
rows A and C, only
15) Which change in a sample of pond water could indicate that heterotrophic microbes were active?
A
increase in glucose level
B
decrease in carbon dioxide level
C
increase in ozone level
D
decrease in oxygen level
Helpful Hint
A biology student was given three unlabeled jars of pond water from the same source, each containing a different type of mobile unicellular organism: euglena, ameba, and paramecium. The only information the student has is that the ameba and paramecium are both heterotrophs and the euglena can be either heterotrophic or autotrophic, depending on its environment.
16) In the experiment described, which procedure and resulting observation would help identify the jar that contains the euglena?
A
4
B
3
C
1
D
2
17) Which numbered set of terms best identifies the letters in the diagram below?
A
A - photosynthesis, B - inorganic molecules, C - decomposition
B
A - respiration, B - inorganic molecules, C - photosynthesis
C
A - respiration, B - organic molecules, C - digestion
D
A - photosynthesis, B - organic molecules, C - respiration
18) Which process illustrates a feedback mechanism in plants?
A
Guard cells change the size of leaf openings, regulating the exchange of gases.
B
Chloroplasts take in more nitrogen, which increases the rate of photosynthesis.
C
Guard cells release oxygen from the leaf at night.
D
Chloroplasts release more oxygen in response to a decreased rate of photosynthesis.
Helpful Hint
The diagram below represents a cross section of part of a leaf.
19) Which life functions are directly regulated through feedback mechanisms associated with the actions of the structures labeled X?
A
circulation and reproduction
B
respiration and photosynthesis
C
digestion and coordination
D
excretion and immunity
20) All life depends on the availability of usable energy. This energy is released when
A
cells carry out the process of respiration
B
respiration occurs in the cells of producers and high-energy molecules enter the atmosphere
C
animal cells synthesize starch and carbon dioxide
D
organisms convert solar energy into the chemical energy found in food molecules
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