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Evolution Review Final Exam
Test Description: Review of evolution unit including natural selection, isolation types, Darwin, and types of selection
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) The fossil record shows that the average size of black bears was large during cold glacial periods and got smaller during warmer time periods. What is this an example of?
A
ecosystem selection
B
directional selection
C
disruptive selection
D
stabilizing selection
2) Why do a chicken embryo and a cow embryo look very similar even though the adults do not?
A
The embryos mutate in utero to form different structures.
B
The genetic makeup of the two species changes during development.
C
They are distantly related, so their development is similar.
D
They are not related, but still have similar development.
3) Populations of organisms that exhibit a high degree of variation have a greater chance for survival than populations of organisms that show little variation. This statement is
A
always true.
B
rarely true.
C
never true.
D
usually true.
4) What hypothesis did Darwin investigate by studying the breeding of pigeons with distinctive traits?
A
Organisms have only the number of offspring that are supported by the environment.
B
Some traits appear in each generation, while others seem to disappear in some generations.
C
The amount of variation in a population is related to the type of environment it lives in.
D
New species can appear gradually through small changes in an ancestral species.
5) Darwin’s finches evolved on an island. What is the main reason that islands often provide good examples of evolution?
A
They have many niches.
B
They have many organisms that live on them.
C
They allow for many variations to exist in species.
D
They allow for automatic biogeographic isolation.
6) In rock layers, jellyfish fossils are found lower than trilobite fossils, and trilobite fossils are found lower than ammonite fossils. What can be determined from this information?
A
Jellyfish, trilobites, and ammonites lived together.
B
Jellyfish existed before trilobites and ammonites.
C
Trilobites existed before jellyfish and ammonites.
D
Ammonites existed before trilobites and jellyfish.
7) Which factors affect natural selection?
A
isolation, overpopulation, speciation
B
variation, inheritance, speciation
C
inheritance, isolation, adaptation
D
variation, overpopulation, adaptation
8) Carlos collects data about the length of earthworms in his backyard. The shortest worm he found is 4 inches long; the longest worm is 8 inches long. If most of the worms are either short or long, which type of distribution is shown in the population?
A
stabilizing
B
normalized
C
directional
D
disruptive
9) What is most likely to happen to a population of mice that becomes isolated on an island?
A
Many different species will form as they evolve and fill different niches on the island.
B
The population of mice will adapt to life on the island but will still be able to breed with the mainland population.
C
Many different species that are capable of breeding with each other will form.
D
The population will evolve into a new species that is adapted to all the different niches that are found on the island.
10) The wing of the bat and the fore-limb of the dog are said to be homologous structures. This indicates that
A
They have the same function
B
Bats evolved from a lineage of dogs
C
They are structures which are similar due to common ancestry
D
They have a different ancestry but a common function
11) Marine mammals have many structural characteristics in common with fishes. The explanation that evolutionary theory would give for this similarity is:
A
Marine mammals evolved directly from the fishes
B
Fish and mammals are closely related
C
Marine mammals adapted to an environment similar to that of the fishes
D
Fish evolved structures similar to those already existing in mammals
12) The population of Florida panthers has been drastically reduced by the actions of man. Which of the following most likely threatens their ability to continue to evolve in response to the pressures of their environment?
A
There is no longer the prospect of a trait conferring a reproductive advantage
B
There is no longer the prospect of over-reproduction
C
There is a lack of genetic variation for selection to act upon
D
There is no longer the prospect of a struggle for limited resources
13) A sudden major climatic change would most likely initially result in
A
A sharp increase in numbers of species
B
A rapid increase in extinction rates
C
An increase in mutation rates
D
A rapid increase in adaptive radiation
14) The extinct species Archaeopteryx had characteristics of both birds and reptiles. This is an example of a(n)
A
archetype
B
trace fossil
C
intermediate form
D
convergent species
15) Which of the following is not a part of Darwin's theory of natural selection?
A
Organisms tend to over-reproduce themselves
B
Individuals of a population vary
C
There are limited resources for which individuals compete
D
Modifications an organism acquires during its lifetime can be passed to its offspring
16) Features that increase the likelihood of survival and reproduction by an organism in a particular environment are called
A
mutations
B
genes
C
adaptations
D
fitness.
17) A structure that seems to serve no purpose in an organism is called:
A
dichotomous
B
fossilized
C
vestigial
D
homologous
18) A group of mice becomes separated by the formation of a river. Over time, the northern mice became smaller and whiter, while the southern mice became larger and browner. This is an example of
A
geographic isolation
B
mechanical isolation
C
behavioral isolation
D
temporal isolation
19) The dog breeds we have today were developed through:
A
sexual selection
B
artificial selection
C
acquired selection
D
natural selection
20) The finches on the Galapagos island were similar in form except for variations of their beaks. Darwin observed that these variations were useful for
A
building nests
B
gathering food
C
attracting a mate
D
defending territory
*select an answer for all questions
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