The particles move much more freely; they are constantly sliding around and tumbling over each other as they move.

The particles are far apart and move around at high speeds; the particles collide with one another; the particles don’t interact much.

Mrs. Shade is heating a pot of water on the stove. How is the motion of the water particles different after the average kinetic energy or temperature of the water increases?

Zoe notices that the air in her science classroom is much warmer than the air in her math classroom. Which statement describes how the air particles are different in her colder math classroom?

What things does thermal energy depend on?

the words hot, warm, cool, and cold are used to describe this; the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a material determines how hot or cold something is

All of the particles that make up matter are constantly in motion.

The particles that make up substances move. Each of these particles adds to the total amount of kinetic energy the substance has.

Temperature is measured using one of three scales: Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin.

Which pumpkin would have the most thermal energy?

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