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Gene Regulation Basics
Test Description: A basic or preliminary assessment on the essential facts on gene structure and gene regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. Simplified language for EAL students.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) A gene is
A
a piece of DNA with the information for a protein
B
a sequence of 3 nucleotides that codes for an amino acid
C
a small protein
D
a type of RNA
2) Which organisms use operons?
A
prokaryotes
B
eukaryotes
C
animal
D
plants
3) How is the information organized in operons?
A
there is a promoter followed by several genes
B
it's made of many genes, each one with it's own promoter
C
there is a promoter followed by a very long gene
D
it's a series of several genes, one after the other, without any promoter
4) Which organisms have introns and exons in the genes?
A
prokaryotes
B
eukaryotes
C
primitive bacteria
D
ribosomes
5) when do introns get removed:
A
after the mRNA has been used to produce a protein
B
in the newly produced mRNA
C
during translation
D
directly from the DNA
6) What does a promoter do?
A
it is a bit of DNA before a gene, where the RNA Polymerase binds and starts the transcription
B
it is that part of special proteins that can attach to the DNA
C
it is a small protein that binds to genes and allows them to be transcribed
D
it is a type of RNA that is involved in making proteins
7) How to turn off a prokaryotic promoter?
A
it cannot be turned off
B
it is left alone and accessible by the RNA polymerase
C
it is destroyed by some enzyme
D
a special protein binds to it
8) How do eukaryotes regulate the transcription of their genes?
A
they produce transcription factors that bind to the promoter, and allow the RNA polymerase to begin the transcription
B
they remove any protein from the promoter, so that the RNA polymerase can attach to it and start the transcription
C
in eukaryotes the transcription of the genes is always on
D
they produce a special RNA polymerase for every gene that must be transcribed
9) How do eukaryotes control the amount of each protein?
A
they speed up or slow down the transcription of their operons, they control how long mRNAs last, they control how long the pr
B
they speed up or slow down the transcription of their operons
C
they produce more or less ribosomes, they open or close the nucleus, they release or keep locked the RNA polymerases, they re
D
they allow access to the DNA or not, regulate transcription, control how long mRNAs last, control how long the proteins last
10) what is an exon?
A
a part of an eukaryotic gene that codes for amino acids
B
a special protein that binds to the DNA
C
a part of an eukaryotic gene that does not code for amino acids
D
a rare type of RNA that only exists in eukaryotes
*select an answer for all questions
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