the process by which heat or electricity is directly transmitted through a substance when there is a difference of temperature or of electrical potential between adjoining regions, without movement of the material.

the movement caused within a fluid by the tendency of hotter and therefore less dense material to rise, and colder, denser material to sink under the influence of gravity, which consequently results in transfer of heat.

physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit; (in physics) that which occupies space and possesses rest mass, especially as distinct from energy.

the degree or intensity of heat present in a substance or object, especially as expressed according to a comparative scale and shown by a thermometer or perceived by touch.

the lowest temperature that is theoretically possible, at which the motion of particles that constitutes heat would be minimal. It is zero on the Kelvin scale, equivalent to –273.15°C or –459.67°F.

continuous physical force exerted on or against an object by something in contact with it.

the degree of compactness of a substance.

a substance or matter in a state in which it will expand freely to fill the whole of a container, having no fixed shape (unlike a solid) and no fixed volume (unlike a liquid).

the ability or tendency to float in water or air or some other fluid.

a substance that flows freely but is of constant volume, having a consistency like that of water or oil.

heat seen as a form of energy arising from the random motion of the molecules of bodies, which may be transferred by conduction, convection, or radiation.

the temperature at which a given solid will melt.

the principle in hydrodynamics that an increase in the velocity of a stream of fluid results in a decrease in pressure. Also called Bernoulli effect or Bernoulli theorem.

the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles which cause ionization.

a result stating that a body totally or partially immersed in a fluid is subject to an upward force equal in magnitude to the weight of fluid it displaces.

the heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance by a given amount (usually one degree).

the temperature at which a liquid boils and turns to vapor.

firm and stable in shape; not liquid or fluid.

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