Segment of DNA that codes for a single protein or RNA. Controls what characteristics are expressed.

A variation of a characteristic. For example, hair is a characteristic and brown hair is a trait.

Variant of a specific gene. Codes for different traits.

Coded for by a gene on an X sex chromosome.

Charts familial relationships and the inheritance of a specific trait.

A genetic disorder may be caused by a mutation at the gene level or by an unusual number of chromosomes.

Disorder caused by the mutation of a single gene.

Disorder caused by an unusual number of chromosomes.

Failure of replicated chromosomes to separate.

One goal of _________ is to use genetic material itself to treat these disorders, such as in gene therapy.

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