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Weathering, Soil, Erosion, And Deposition
Test Description: Study Guide.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Geologists infer from the rounded, eroded shapes of the Appalachain Mountains that_________.
A
the mountains formed recently.
B
the mountains have been eroding for millions of years.
C
the mountains are made of soft rock.
D
the principle of uniformitaranism does not apply.
2) A marble statue is left exposed to weather. Within a few years, the details of the statue have begun to weather away. This weathering is probably caused by________.
A
oxygen in the air.
B
abrasion.
C
lichens.
D
carbonic acid in the rainwater (acid rain).
3) Granite lasts a long time when it is used for building in areas where_________.
A
the climate is mostly cool and dry.
B
the climate is hot and rainy.
C
acid rain is common.
D
repeated freezing and thawing is common.
4) The most important factors in determining the rate of weathering are_________.
A
rock type and climate.
B
abrasion and acids from plant roots.
C
animal actions and oxygen.
D
carbon dioxide and acid rain.
5) When earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then die and decay in the soil, they are contributing to the formation of__________.
A
humus.
B
silt.
C
litter.
D
clay.
6) In a cross section of soil, the B horizon consists of_________.
A
humus only.
B
clay, minerals, and little humus.
C
partly weathered rock.
D
topsoil
7) Most of the work of mixing humus within the soil is done by__________.
A
earthworms.
B
ants.
C
bacteria.
D
fungi.
8) The type of soil called loam is made up of___________.
A
pure humus.
B
nearly equal amounts of silt, sand, and clay.
C
mostly clay.
D
sand and gravel
9) What can cause the loss of soil that is not protected by plant cover?
A
erosion by water or wind
B
chemical weathering
C
mechanical weathering
D
too many organisms in the soil
10) Plowing removed the grass from the Great Plains and exposed the soil. What effect did this have when a drought struck the Great Plains during the 1930s?
A
It had no effect.
B
It reduced the soil's fertility.
C
It helped cause the Dust Bowl.
D
It allowed the soil to hold moisture better.
11) A river flowing across a wide flood plain begins to form looplike bends called
A
deltas
B
meanders
C
outside curves
D
rills
12) What causes rock to break down as it moves from the bedrock to the A horizon?
A
humus
B
runoff
C
mass movement
D
weathering
13) The process in which rock fragments freeze to the bottom of a glacier and then are carried away when the glacier moves is called
A
surging
B
plucking
C
abrasion
D
valley widening
14) The process by which natural forces move weathered rock and soil from one place to another is called
A
abrasion
B
erosion
C
deposition
D
soil conservation
*select an answer for all questions
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