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Evolution
Test Description: Basics of evolution
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) This evidence comes from Earth's crust. It is the timeline of past life, organized by estimated ages and classified by similarities in form. What is it?
A
natural selection
B
fossils
C
fossil records
D
evolution
2) Over a period of years, the average rainfall in an area decreases, causing environmental changes. Most likely to survive these environmental changes is a population
A
with a great amount of genetic variation
B
with very little genetic variation
C
with the smallest population size
D
that has been altered thought artificial selection
3) A(n) ______________ is any variation that makes an organism better suited to its environment.
A
adaptation
B
trait
C
evolution
D
gene
4) According to Darwin's theory of evolution, how do new species evolve?
A
random chance
B
natural selection
C
selective breeding
D
artificial selection
5) Natural selection is sometimes called
A
Survival of the fittest
B
Survival of the strongest
C
Survival of the smartest
D
Most Adaptable
6) Which scenario is an example of natural selection?
A
Giraffes that have longer necks survive a dry season by eating leaves from the tops of trees.
B
Dogs that have a desirable coat color are bred with one another to produce puppies with the same coat color.
C
Farmers crossbreed two types of cows to produce a breed of cow that has high quality beef and can tolerate a hot climate.
7) Most evidence of evolution comes from
A
bones
B
fossils
C
water
D
rocks
8) Which situation could lead to the extinction of a species?
A
increased habitat
B
increased population size
C
increased food supply
D
increased competition
9) In the theory of natural selection, species are most likely to survive if they
A
overproduce
B
inherit acquired traits
C
have variations that make them better able to adapt
D
are isolated
10) Individuals within a population have slightly different traits, or variations. How do variations improve the likelihood that a population will survive?
A
Variation enables individuals to produce offspring that will survive into adulthood
B
Variation provides the needed differences which natural selection acts in a population
C
Variation enables populations to create new genes, which help individuals survive a significant change in their environment
D
Variation enables individuals who are very different from the rest of the population to reproduce more successfully
11) What is most likely to happen to a species that is not suited to its environment?
A
It will change all its previous behaviors
B
It will get bored and leave
C
It will survive and produce many offspring
D
It will not survive to reproduce
12) Which factor is not likely to cause a species to become extinct?
A
loss of habitat
B
new disease
C
new predator
D
new food source
13) If species A reproduces at a faster rate than species B, which species is expected to evolve at a faster rate?
A
Species A
B
Species B
C
They will evolve at the same rate
14) Why did white peppered moths change to black peppered moths in the cities?
A
The moths mated with other dark moths.
B
The Industrial Revolution created pollution that made the white birch trees dark.
C
The dark peppered moths are a different species.
D
The sun tanned the moths and made them dark.
15) A species that cannot successfully adapt to its environment can become extinct.
A
False
B
True
16) A frog may have hundreds of offspring at a time, but only a small number will survive. This is an example of
A
overproduction
B
artificial selection
C
adaptation
D
competition
17) The more closely related two different organisms are, the
A
less similar their habitats are
B
more recently they shared a common ancestor
C
more similar their habitats are
D
less likely they are to have the same genes in common
18) An organism’s relative fitness is measured by its
A
health and stability in the face of environmental change
B
ability to pass on advantageous traits and survive
C
genetic variability
D
mutation rate
19) A species is defined as
A
a population of organisms that have the same number of chromosomes
B
a group of organisms that live in the same habitat
C
a population of organisms similar in size, shape, and color
D
a population of organisms that are able to interbreed
20) Which of the following can scientists NOT interpret by examining fossils?
A
how Earth’s environment has changed over time
B
how plants and animals go extinct
C
how plants and animals have changed over time
D
the age of certain layers of rocks
*select an answer for all questions
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