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Genetics And Heredity Unit Review
Test Description: Genetics and Heredity Unit Review
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) In humans, the allele for having a widow’s peak is dominant to having a straight hairline. Many people do not like the widow’s peak, so they shave it off. Will this affect their offspring?
A
No. Their offspring will have a widow’s peak if they inherit both recessive alleles from the parents.
B
Yes. There is no chance that the offspring will be born with a widow’s peak because the parents destroyed the trait.
C
No. Shaving the widow’s peak does not change their genotype, so the allele can still be passed on to offspring.
D
Yes. Offspring born with a widow’s peak will have a smaller peak because the allele was damaged.
2) Which scenario is an example of a physical characteristic of an organism that was influenced by environmental factors?
A
A baby was born with ten fingers and ten toes.
B
The black cat’s eyes were a bright green color.
C
The pumpkin seeds were relatively flat and white.
D
The bark of a tree was scarred after a beaver gnawed it.
3) The trade-offs in choosing to be tested for a genetic disease includes:
A
it may become difficult to get health insurance or coverage
B
both of the above
C
you might find out you have the disease
D
none of the above
4) Why would it be necessary to see a genetics counselor?
A
to know the probability or chance of the offspring inheriting a disease
B
to stay as healthy as possible
C
to see what family blood line may contain a genetic disorder
D
all of the above
5) DNA fingerprinting can be used to:
A
identify a person
B
both of the above
C
diagnose a genetic disease
D
none of the above
6) Diseases that are inherited are usually:
A
caused by viruses
B
caused by environmental factors
C
caused by genes
D
all of the above
7) What is a trait?
A
different forms of a characteristic or quality
B
different forms of meiosis
C
different forms of a pedigree
D
different forms of chromatids
8) What is heredity?
A
traits passing from offspring to parents
B
plants that are cross-pollinated
C
the ratio of dominant to recessive traits
D
traits passing from parents to offspring
9) Two forms of a gene, one from each parent, are called
A
genes
B
alleles
C
albinism
D
phenotypes
10) What is a phenotype?
A
a group of five alleles
B
a dominant gene
C
the way an organism feels
D
the physical expression of a genotype
11) Which diagram is used to trace (follow) a trait through generations of a family?
A
generation square
B
pedigree
C
meiosis
D
selective breeding
12) A plant with two dominant OR two recessive alleles is said to be
A
hybrid
B
homozygous
C
heterozygous
D
cross-pollinating
13) Two parents are both carriers for a genetic trait that is based on only one recessive allele. This means that their offspring:
A
has a 25% chance of inheriting the trait
B
has a 50% chance of inheriting the trait
C
will all be carriers for the trait
D
cannot have the trait
14) One of the first people to study patterns of heredity scientifically was:
A
Robert Hooke
B
Antoine Madan
C
Mary-Claire King
D
Gregor Mendel
15) Which of the following methods (ideas) can provide (give) information on human genetics?
A
examining human DNA
B
all of the above
C
breeding other organisms to compare traits
D
studying human pedigrees
16) Assume that a genetic trait is represented by the letter a. Which of the following would most likely be used to represent the recessive condition that IS expressed (seen)?
A
aa
B
none of the above
C
Aa
D
AA
17) Scientists often use other organisms to study genetics. Pea plants are sometimes chosen because:
A
they cause disease
B
they grow quickly
C
they do not have cells
D
they do not reproduce
18) What is the process called when body cells are copied with half the number of chromosomes at the end of this cell division cycle to create sex cells?
A
a nucleus
B
mitosis
C
meiosis
D
sex cells
19) Asexual reproduction occurs (happens) in humans in that
A
many body cells reproduce this way.
B
none of our body cells reproduce this way.
C
meiosis occurs.
D
the parent cells do not divide.
20) How does mitosis compare (different) to meiosis?
A
mitosis produces sex cells with half the genetic information, while meiosis produces two identical daughter cells.
B
mitosis only occurs in single-celled organisms, while meiosis only occurs in animals.
C
mitosis only occurs in animals, while meiosis only occurs in single-celled organisms.
D
mitosis produces two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces sex cells with half the genetic information.
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