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Enlightenment
Test Description: Benchmark 1.1
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) 1. What is the name of the period in time in which people in 18th century Europe began to stress the importance of thinking and reasoning, and education could help understand and help solve society’s problems?
A
B. Age of Exploration
B
C. Revolution
C
A. Enlightenment
D
D. Golden Age
2) 2. What is a principle of the federal U.S. government where each branch has power over another branch?
A
B. Consent of the Governed
B
C. Checks and Balances
C
D. Social Contract
D
A. Separation of Powers
3) 3. What is the belief that individuals have basic rights and cannot be taken away; life, liberty, and property?
A
D. Social Contract
B
A. Consent of the Governed
C
B. Natural Rights
D
C. Checks and Balances
4) 4. When a group of people give up some freedoms to agree to organize society, defining the rights, duties, and responsibilities of the governed and the government?
A
D. Social Contract
B
C. Separation of Powers
C
A. Social Meeting
D
B. Check and Balances
5) 5. Describe what the state of nature is according to John Locke.
A
D. A state in which there are laws, government, and protection of rights.
B
B. A state in which a government is abusing its power.
C
A. A state in which there are no laws, no government, and no protection of rights.
D
C. A state at which there are laws, but they protect only the rich.
6) “ A Prince whose character is thus marked by every act which may be defined as a tyrant, is unfit to be the ruler of a free people”How does this quote reflect the influence of the Enlightenment ideas on the Founding Fathers?
A
A. They had reservations about self-government
B
B. They were concerned with property rights
C
D. They created a limited monarchy
D
C. They supported individual liberties
7) 1. How are the Enlightenment ideas that influenced the Founding Fathers reflected in modern institutions?
A
B. Oligarchies have increased to safeguard natural rights
B
A. Colonies have been re-established to preserve popular sovereignty
C
C. The United Nations promotes universal human rights
D
D. The European Union encourages economic stability
8) 10. Which right is an example of Enlightenment Ideas?
A
D. 4th amendment search and seizure protection
B
A. 5th amendment self-incrimination protection
C
C. 1st amendment freedom of speech guarantees
D
B. 1st amendment freedom of religion guarantees
9) 11. The writers and philosophers of the Enlightenment believed the government decisions should be based on
A
C. Laws of nature and reason
B
B. Traditional values
C
D. The concept of divine right of kings
D
A. Fundamental religious beliefs
10) 12. Writers of the Enlightenment were primarily interested in
A
C. Supporting the divine right theory
B
B. Promoting increased power for Europeans monarchs
C
A. Debating the role of the church in society
D
D. Changing the relationship between people and their government
11) 13. Which philosopher of the Enlightenment defined separation of powers and a system of checks and balances?
A
C. Hobbes
B
A. Montesquieu
C
B. Locke
D
social contract
12) 14. These are limited imposed on all the branches of a government by vesting in each branch the right to amend or void those acts of another branch that fall within its power.
A
social contract
B
separation of powers
C
checks and balances
D
sovereign
13) Which of the following was not an idea from the Enlightenment?
A
Government should serve the people
B
Kings ruled by divine right
C
Problems can be solved by using reason
D
People have natural rights
14) The major contribution of the Enlightenment philosophers was the introduction of new ideas about
A
Government
B
Economics
C
Religion
D
Science
15) In exploring the relationship between governments and people, Thomas Hobbes argued that governments resulted from a social contract to maintain an orderly society. John Locke, another philosopher of the Enlightenment, inspired American revolutionarie
A
if a government failed to protect people from economic inequality
B
if a government violated people’s natural rights
C
if a government failed to compel obedience
D
if a government entered into alliances with foreign governments
*select an answer for all questions
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