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Natural Selection
Test Description: Second review
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Some features in organisms can be compared to spandrels in architecture in that, although they appear to have a function, they are really just there because of the evolution of other structures. This analogy is used as an argument for care in identi
A
traits as adaptations
B
natural selection
C
vestigial structure in organisms
D
homologous structures in organisms
2) In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur shown in Figure 15-1 are
A
examples of fossils
B
aquired traits
C
vestigial structures
D
examples of natural variation
3) How do fossils demonstrate evidence of evolution?
A
They are the primary source of evidence of natural selection.
B
They show that ancient species share similarities with species now on Earth
C
Fossils reveal that many species have remained unchanged for millions of years.
D
They show evidence of species that are now extinct.
4) On the islands of Hawaii there are a group of about 30 species of highly variable, but closely related, species of plants called silverswords. These species appear to be related to a small group of plants in North America. What are the silverswords
A
mimicry
B
vestigial structures
C
adaptive radiation
D
analogous structures
5) An adaptation is an inherited characteristic that can be
A
physical or geographical
B
the result of artifical selection
C
physical or behavioral
D
acquired during the organism's lifetime
6) When allelic frequencies remain unchanged, a population is in genetic equilibrium. This statement expresses which of the following?
A
Hardy-Weinberg principle
B
prezygotic isolating mechanism
C
genetic drift
D
sympatric speciation
7) Which of the following is NOT a factor that causes changes in the frequency of homozygous and heterozygous individuals in a population?
A
migration
B
mutations
C
genetic drift
D
random mating
8) Which of the following lines of evidence for evolution is indirect?
A
observed allele frequency changes
B
pesticide resistance
C
fossils
D
all of these
9) To be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, a population must be
A
very large, have random mating, high geneflow, many mutations, natural selection
B
very large, have random mating, no geneflow, no mutations, no natural selection
C
very small, have random mating, no geneflow, no natural selection
D
very small, have nonrandom mating, no geneflow, many mutations, no natural selection
10) Mutations in the DNA of genes that can be passed on to offspring
A
are more likely with genetic drift
B
do not occur randomly during evolution.
C
are always harmful to the offspring
D
result in increased genetic variation
*select an answer for all questions
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