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Earthquakes And Tectonic Plates
Test Description: This test will cover topics such as P and S wave data, Earthquakes, Tectonic Plates, Seafloor spreading, and layers of the Earth.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Most inferences about the characteristics of Earth’s mantle and core are based on
A
the behavior of seismic waves in Earth’s interior
B
well drillings from Earth’s mantle and core
C
comparisons between Moon rocks and Earth rocks
D
chemical changes in exposed and weathered metamorphic rocks
2) Folded sedimentary rock layers are usually caused by
A
a rise in sea level after deposition
B
differences in sediment density during deposition
C
crustal movement occurring after deposition
D
deposition of sediments in folded layers
3) The movement of tectonic plates is inferred by many scientists to be driven by
A
convection currents in the asthenosphere
B
density differences in the troposphere
C
solidification in the lithosphere
D
tidal motions in the hydrosphere
4) The large coal fields found in Pennsylvania provide evidence that the climate of the northeastern United States was much warmer during the Carboniferous Period. This change in climate over time is best explained by the...
A
effects of seasons
B
movements of tectonic plates
C
evolution of life
D
changes in the environment caused by humans
5) Which statement best supports the theory that all the continents were once a single landmass?
A
Rock and fossil correlation can be made where the continents appear to fit together.
B
Great thicknesses of shallow-water sediments are found at interior locations on some continents.
C
Rocks of the ocean ridges are older than those of the adjacent seafloor.
D
Marine fossils can be found at high elevations above sea floor on all continents.
6) 33. An earthquake’s magnitude can be determined by
A
calculating the time the earthquake occurred
B
comparing the speed of P-waves and S-waves
C
calculating the depth of the earthquake faulting
D
analyzing seismic waves recorded by a seismograph
7) A seismic station is recording the seismic waves produced by an earthquake that occurred 4200 kilometers away. Approximately how long after the arrival of the first P-wave will the first S-wave arrive?
A
7 min 20 sec
B
1 min 05 sec
C
5 min 50 sec
D
13 min 10 sec
8) An earthquake’s first P-wave arrives at a seismic station at 12:00:00. This P-wave has traveled 6000 kilometers from the epicenter. At what time will the first S-wave from the same earthquake arrive at the seismic station?
A
12:17:00
B
12:07:40
C
11:52:20
D
12:09:20
9) Beneath which surface location is Earth’s crust the thinnest?
A
the center of South America
B
San Andreas Fault
C
East Pacific Ridge
D
Old Forge, New York
10) In which layer of Earth’s interior is the pressure inferred to be 1.0 million atmospheres?
A
inner core
B
rigid mantle
C
stiffer mantle
D
outer core
11) What is the inferred temperature at the boundary between Earth’s stiffer mantle and outer core?
A
6,200°C
B
4,500°C
C
2,500°C
D
5,000°C
12) The lithosphere is composed of which two parts?
A
Crust and the rigid mantle
B
Crust and the plastic mantle
C
Crust and the stiffer mantle
D
Crust and the asthenosphere
13) The asthenosphere is the partially solid part of which of Earth's layers?
A
Mantle
B
Inner Core
C
Outer Core
D
Crust
14) If the P wave arrived at 12:20:40 and the S wave arrived at 12:25:20, what is the lag time between them?
A
4 Minutes
B
4 minutes and 20 seconds
C
4 minutes and 40 seconds
D
5 minutes
15) The lag time between the P wave arrival and the S wave arrival time is 5 minutes. What is the approximate distance to the epicenter of this Earthquake?
A
3,000
B
4,600
C
4,000
D
3,600
*select an answer for all questions
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