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8th Grade Science Unit 2 SLO Review- 2016-2017
Test Description: Rocks, Plate tectonics, fossils, adaptations
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) This type of rock is known to contain small pieces of rock or fossils cemented together.
A
Sedimentary
B
Metamorphic
C
Magma
D
Igneous
2) The earth's surface has changed over time and continues to change. What evidence have we learned that proves this?
A
Igneous rock is found on all tectonic plates
B
Marine fossils are found in mountain areas
C
Some species have become extinct
D
Some rock layers are very thick
3) Scientists learn a lot by studying the earth's rock layers. Why do we study rock layers?
A
to find evidence of the core of earth
B
to find physical evidence of the history of earth
C
to find rock fragments
D
to find new species of organisms
4) A marine fossil was found in the mountains on one continent and in the mountains on another continent. What does that tell scientists?
A
clams once lived in mountains, but have since evolved into sea-dwelling creatures
B
the mountains were both volcanic
C
the rock layers that the fossils were found are from the same geologic age
D
glaciers carried the fossils up the mountains
5) A fossil of a species found in one rock layer is the same species as a fossil found in another layer. However their structures are slightly different. Why?
A
this species changed over time
B
the life span of this species changed
C
this species had many predators
D
the food supply of this species changed
6) There are differences of the teeth and hooves of present day horses compared to horse fossils in the past. What is true about the horse fossil record?
A
The horse has changed over time
B
The horse has lived in the same ecosystem.
C
The horse has been a carnivore.
D
The horse has many common ancestors
7) Chemical and physical weathering both cause changes to earth's surface. Which of the following would physical weathering occur more quickly?
A
large boulders found in areas with heavy air pollution.
B
iron-rich rocks found in valleys
C
limestone rocks found in isolated areas
D
cracked boulders found on cold mountain peaks.
8) Present-day organisms often evolve from a common ancestor. Why do they have different characteristics than their ancestors?
A
Adaptations
B
Extinction
C
Asexual reproduction
D
Respiration
9) What is true about chemical weathering?
A
Chemical weathering only affects metamorphic rocks.
B
Chemical weathering changes the composition of rocks.
C
Chemical weathering only affects igneous rocks
D
Chemical weathering breaks rocks into smaller pieces
10) Characteristics of metamorphic rocks are
A
those that have fossils in them.
B
those that have wavy bands of other rocks or minerals
C
those that are made up of 2 minerals of different colors.
D
those that don't have a regular shape
11) Rocks that have shells cemented into them are classified as
A
volcanic
B
sedimentary
C
igneous
D
metamorphic
12) Why do some extrusive igneous rocks form pores(holes)?
A
It's when pressure squeezes sediment out.
B
It's when the rock heats up then cools down quickly.
C
It's when gases escape the liquid rock while the rock is forming.
D
It's from minerals forming as the rock cools.
13) A geologist working in the mountains found many marine fossils. What conclusion can he make about the mountain area?
A
It was once a volcano.
B
It was once covered by an ocean
C
It was once part of a grassland.
D
It was flooded by heavy rains.
14) How do fossils found in sedimentary rock layers help scientists?
A
They explain why volcanoes exist.
B
They explain how species change over time.
C
They explain how igneous rocks are made.
D
They explain why rocks are formed.
15) What can be used as evidence that living things have evolved over the years?
A
Fossil records
B
Tree rings from cut trees
C
Chemicals in human hair
D
Particles in the air
16) What is the best example that there was a Pangea?
A
Bedrock in Australia and Greenland has glacier scratches
B
Madagascar and India have similar shapes.
C
North America and India have matching mountain chains.
D
Matching rock layers can be found in South America and Africa.
17) What causes the crustal plates to move?
A
Offshore drilling for oil
B
Convection currents in the mantle.
C
Rising global temperatures
D
Earth's magnetic field
18) What best describes the earth's crust?
A
Composed mainly of molten rock
B
iron-based rocks
C
separate moving plates
D
thickest under the ocean floor
19) What occurs along plate boundaries?
A
Earthquakes and volcanoes
B
Hurricanes and tornadoes
C
Erosion and deposition
D
Tidal waves and sedimentation
20) What is true about the law of superposition?
A
An intrusion is the oldest.
B
The oldest rock layer is on the bottom.
C
The youngest rock layer is on the bottom.
D
A fault is the oldest.
*select an answer for all questions
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