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BIOL G220 Unit 4 Lecture Exam Review B
Test Description: Lecture 21 material (heart)
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) the human heart beats, on average, approximately
A
70 times per minute
B
360 times per hour
C
40 times per second
D
80 rpm
2) the human heart is essentially two co-joined pumps: the one on the left pumps blood to the ____, while the one on the right pumps blood to the _____
A
body, lungs
B
lungs, body
C
body, soul
D
body, heart itself
3) the heart is located in the ______, just deep to the _____
A
superior abdominal, liver
B
thoracocardial fossa, pectoralis minor
C
mediastinum, sternum
D
superior thoracic, clavicles
4) The human heart is surrounded by a set of membranes collectively known as the
A
myocardial envelope
B
pericardium
C
epicardialis
D
cardiac sac
5) the outermost layer of the pericardium is
A
made of smooth muscle
B
thick and fibrous
C
actually two layers with elastic fibers between them
D
all of the answers are true
6) the inner layer of the pericardium is
A
Serous, with fluid filled spaces
B
has an innermost layer also known as the epicardium
C
all of the answers are true
D
comprised of two layers, the parietal and viceral
7) The heart 'wall' consists of 3 layers: from the outermost to the innermost these are
A
epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
B
endocardium, mesocardium, epicardium
C
stucco, plaster, concrete
D
epicardium, mesocardium, tunica intima
8) the heart contains a fibrous 'skeleton', the anulus fibrosus, which consists of four interconnected fibrous rings that encircle the base of the valves: this is made of
A
fibrocartilage
B
cardiac muscle tissue
C
reticular and elastic fibers, but not collagen
D
dense connective tissue
9) the purpose of valves in the heart is
A
to prevent premature contraction of the ventricles
B
to regulate blood pressure
C
to allow blood to flow into the heart on one stroke, and out to the lungs on the next
D
to ensure a one-way flow of blood
10) the valves in the heart fall into two main categories based on location/structure, which are intimately connected to the forces placed on said valves- they are the
A
pulmonary and systemic valves
B
semilunar valves and atrioventricular valves
C
arterial and venous valves
D
bicuspid and tricuspid valves
11) the atrioventricular valves are anchored to the walls of the ventricles with several chordae tendinae and papillary muscles: why?
A
to prevent blood from flowing between the left and right ventricles, and the left and right atria
B
to allow the muscles pull on the valves, thus manually opening them so blood can flow out
C
to generally confuse the heck out of anatomy students, and, if they are inadequately prepared, cardiologists.
D
to withstand the pressure of ventricular contraction without prolapsing
12) The heart valve that needs to withstand the greatest pressure is the
A
the left semilunar, or aortic valve
B
the tricuspid, or right atrioventricular valve
C
the right semilunar, or pulmonary valve
D
mitral, aka the left atrioventricular or bicuspid valve
13) which chamber of the heart has the thickest wall?
A
Left Atrium
B
Right Ventricle
C
Right Atrium
D
Left Ventricle
14) The heart itself is supplied by blood vessels collectively known as
A
great cardiac vessels
B
endocardiomyovasculature
C
coronary veins
D
coronary arteries
15) the muscle fibers in the heart are connected end to end via
A
cardiofibrils
B
intercalated discs
C
chordae tendinae
D
thickened Z discs
16) the unique junctions between cardiac muscle cells allow them to
A
conduct impulses
B
spontanously contract
C
share mitochondria
D
contract without shortening: they only get thicker so as to squeeze out the blood in a pumping action
17) the heart has a 'pacemaker' a bundle of cells that steadily depolarize between action potentials, making them
A
autophasic
B
autonomic
C
autotonic
D
autorythmic
18) the pacemaker of the heart, where contractile impulses originate, is in the
A
Atrio Ventricular (AV) Node
B
Purkinje fibers
C
Bundle of His
D
Sino Atrial (SA) Node
19) the heart rate is ________ by input from the sympathetic nervous system through the ________
A
increased, posterior root ganglion
B
modified, pineal gland
C
increased, sympathetic trunk
D
decreased, rami communicates
20) the heart rate is ________ by input from the parasympathetic nervous system through everyone's favorite cranial nerve, #__. the ______
A
stabilized, 11: Accessory
B
decreased, 10: Vagus
C
decreased, 5:Trochlear
D
increased, 9: Glossopharyngeal
*select an answer for all questions
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