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BIOL G220 Exam 2 Review C
Test Description: Skeletal and Muscular Organization and Function
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Muscles are made of different types of ______, as they occupy the _____ level of organization
A
Organs, Organ Systems
B
cells, Tissues
C
Tissues, organ
D
molecules, cellular
2) Muscles are divided into bundles of muscle fibers called _____ by membranes called ____
A
Myofibrils, Epimysium
B
Myofibrils, Endomysium
C
Fascicles, Epimysium
D
Fascicles, Perimysium
3) muscle fibers, representing the ____ level of organization, are separated from one another by
A
tissue, perimysium
B
organ, epimysium
C
cellular, endomysium
D
molecular, hypomysium
4) within the muscle fibers are bundles of myofilaments called ____, which represent the ____ level of organization
A
mwarks, subatomic
B
myostriations, molecular
C
myofibrils, molecular
D
myosin, atomic
5) myofibrils are surrounded by saclike organelles simmilar to ER called ______
A
sarcolemic vessicles
B
sarcoplasmic reticulum
C
Folger's apparatus
D
endosarcic plasmodium
6) ___, along with their two adjoining terminal cisternae (of the SR) make up the -Triad-
A
Universal Passages
B
Obtuse Canals
C
Transverse Tubules
D
Inverse Chambers
7) The transverse tubules and Sarcoplasmic Reticulum are involved in
A
Triggering Contractions
B
Storing Nutrients
C
Eliminating Waste
D
Delivering Energy
8) The thick filaments are made exclusively of ___ while the thin filaments are mostly ____
A
Actin, Myosin
B
Carbon, Nitrogen
C
Tropomyosin, Troponin
D
Myosin, Actin
9) Contractile units called _____ shorten when thick and thin filaments slide along one another
A
Myofibrils
B
Myofibers
C
Transverse Tubules
D
Sarcomeres
10) The ends of the sarcomere are pulled together by the action of _____ heads attaching to ____ binding sites
A
Actin, Myosin
B
Troponin, Tropomyosin
C
Titin, Sarcosome
D
Myosin, Actin
11) To initiate contractile shortening of the sarcomere, ___ is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to remove ___ from the binding sites on the thin filaments
A
Calcium Ions, Tropomyosin
B
Phosphate Ions, Troponin
C
Sodium Ions, Actin
D
Chloride Ions, Myosin
12) to reset the myosin heads so that they can attach to the actin again requires
A
ETC
B
MTV
C
ATM
D
ATP
13) The aligned z-discs on adjacent microfibrils create the visible ___ in skeletal muscle
A
intercalations
B
membranes
C
striations
D
branching
14) A group of muscle fibers that are all innervated by the same motor neuron are called
A
Billy Bob or possibly Steve
B
motor units
C
contractile collectives
D
functional groups
15) muscle fibers contract
A
with more power as the amplitude of the stimulus increases
B
to varying degrees depending on a variety of factors
C
in an all-or-nothing manner
D
in sequence, one sarcomere after another along the myobibril
16) one way to increase the tension of muscle contraction is by increasing the ____ of the stimulus, in a process of TEMPORAL SUMMATION
A
amplitudge
B
post synapic effect
C
frequency
D
penetration
17) tension in a muscle can also be increased by recruiting additional motor units in a process called
A
Extramuscular summation
B
temporal summation
C
Hypercontractility
D
spatial or quantal summation
18) In the muscles of the calf and lower back, ___ fibers predominate
A
Fast Aerobic
B
Slow Aerobic
C
Intermediate
D
Fast Anerobic
19) in the muscles that move the eye and eyelid, one finds almost all of the fibers are
A
Intermediate
B
Slow Aerobic
C
Fast Anerobic
D
Fast Aerobic
20) muscles attach to the relatively immobile point at the ___, and to the relatively mobile point at the ___
A
aponeurosis, tendon
B
ligament, tendon
C
origin, insertion
D
insertion, origin
*select an answer for all questions
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