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Correlation Of Rock Layers
Test Description: Factors in fossil formation, correlation of rock layers by index fossils and volcanic ash.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Layers of volcanic ash often serve as useful geologic time markers because ash layers usually
A
deposit quickly over a wide area
B
can be sampled easily
C
darken with age
D
are older than the surrounding rock
2) Which kind of bedrock would most likely contain fossils?
A
a basalt lava flow from an ancient volcano
B
a mass of granite in the core of a mountain
C
a high-grade metamorphic rock layer made from mixed igneous and sedimentary layers
D
a series of alternating layers of shale and sandstone
3) In order for an organism to be used as an index fossil, the organism must have been geographically widespread and must have
A
lived in shallow water
B
lived on land
C
been preserved by volcanic ash
D
existed for a geologically short time
4) Sedimentary rock units several hundred kilometers apart could best be correlated by comparing the
A
types of soil located above each rock unit
B
color and thickness of each rock unit
C
fossils found in each rock unit
D
degree of weathering and erosion of each rock unit
5) A fossil is not likely to be found in
A
limestone
B
shale
C
basalt
D
sandstone
6) Which bedrock feature is most useful in correlating sedimentary bedrock in one area with sedimentary bedrock in another area?
A
texture
B
cementing agent
C
index fossils
D
color
7) Which bedrock would be most likely to contain fossils?
A
Middle-Proterozoic quartzite
B
Cambrian shale
C
Precambrian granite
D
Pleistocene basalt
8) Which rock type most often contains fossils?
A
gabbro
B
limestone
C
metaconglomerate
D
quartzite
9) Which processes most often cause fossil evidence to be preserved in rock?
A
melting and faulting
B
folding and metamorphism
C
weathering and erosion
D
deposition and cementation
10) Living corals are found in warm, shallow seas. Coral fossils have been found in the sedimentary rocks of Alaska. These findings suggest that
A
ocean currents carried the coral to Alaska
B
Alaska once had a tropical marine environment
C
Alaska's cold climate fossilized the coral
D
coral usually develops in cold climates
*select an answer for all questions
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