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Earth/Environmental Science Chapters 8-10
Test Description: Chapters 8, 9, 10 Review
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What is a fault?
A
A destructive wave caused by an earthquake
B
The location on the surface directly above the focus
C
A fracture in Earth along which movement has occured
D
Oceanic crust
2) What is a focus?
A
A pyroclastic particle
B
A fire caused by an earthquake
C
A type of surface wave
D
The point within Earth where the earthquake starts
3) What are P and S waves and what is the difference between them?
A
Surface waves, P waves arrive first and are transverse waves, S waves are second and longitudinal waves
B
Body waves, P waves arrive first and are longitudinal waves, S waves arrive second and are transverse waves
C
Surface waves, P waves arrive first and are longitudinal waves, S waves arrive second and are transverse waves
D
Body waves, P waves arrive first and are transverse waves, S waves arrive second and are longitudinal waves
4) What is the difference between continental drift and plate tectonics?
A
continental drift- some plates include the ocean floor, plate tectonics- continents move through the ocean floor
B
Continental drift-continents move through the ocean floor, plate tectonics- some plates include ocean floor
5) What moves tectonic plates?
A
subduction of plates, slab-pull, ridge push
B
convection currents of magma, slab-pull, ridge push
C
landslides caused by an earthquake, convection currents, seismic waves
D
gravitational pull of the moon, slab-pull, subduction of plates
6) What is a pluton?
A
Vibrations from earthquakes
B
a type of atom
C
hardened magma that was underground and the surrounding rock eroded away
D
a mass of hotter than normal mantle material
7) What are the zones of the Earth based on chemical composition?
A
Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Lower Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
B
Crust, Asthonsphere, Mantle, Lower Mantle, Core, Inner Core
C
Crust, Mantle, Core
D
Lithosphere, Mantle, Core
8) What is triangulation?
A
The use of 3 or more seismographs to locate the epicenter of an earthquake
B
The study of earthquakes
C
A type of long-range predictor
D
A type of surface wave
9) What are lahars?
A
Mudflows of volcanic debris
B
Pyroclastic flows
C
rift valleys
D
sulfur compounds
10) What is subsidence and uplift?
A
subsidence- when the ground subsides or settles, uplift- when the ground is pushed up
B
Subsidence- when the ground sinks to sea level, uplift- when the plates at a convergent boundary create mountains
C
subsidence- when the ground gets pushed up, uplift- when the ground subsides or settles
D
Subsidence- when one plate is forced beneath another, uplift- when crust is formed
11) What is a caldera?
A
A large depression formed when the magma chamber empties out and the volcano collapses.
B
A steep-walled depression around a vent
C
The opening lava comes out of
D
Magma that hardened in a volcano
12) Seismology is the study of what?
A
Earthquakes
B
Seismographs
C
Volcanoes
D
Seismic waves
13) What are the 3 different plate boundaries?
A
Cinder Cone, Composite Cone, Shield
B
Convergent, Intraplate, Transform Fault
C
Convergent, Divergent, Tectonic
D
Convergent, Divergent, Transform Fault
14) What is a volcanic neck?
A
Steep depression around a vent
B
Connects the head and body of a volcano
C
Magma that hardened inside a volcano and the rest of the volcano eroded away
D
The tube magma comes out of
15) What is intraplate volcanism?
A
Volcanic island arcs
B
Volcanoes in the middle of a tectonic plate
C
Lava flow
D
Particles produced in volcanic eruptions
16) What are the zones of Earth based on physical properties?
A
Lithosphere, Mantle, Core
B
Crust, Mantle, Core
C
Crust, Asthonsphere, Mantle, Lower Mantle, Core, Inner Core
D
Lithosphere, Asthenosphere, Lower Mantle, Outer Core, Inner Core
17) What type of volcano is the most explosive?
A
Transform
B
Cinder Cone
C
Composite Cone
D
Shield
18) What is the Moho discontinuity?
A
Measures sizes of seismic waves
B
Where plates converge
C
Imaginary boundary between mantle and core
D
Imaginary boundary between crust and mantle found by seismic waves
19) If something has more vicousity than another, it means that...
A
It is more dense
B
It flows slower
C
It cools off faster
D
It flows faster
20) What are the 3 types of volcanoes?
A
Shield, Cinder Cone, Composite Cone
B
Shield, Cinder Cone, Intraplate
C
Intraplate, Cinder Cone, Composite
D
Convergent, Divergent, Transform Fault
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