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Argument For Evolution
Test Description: Practice your understanding of natural selection and other evolution topics.
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What is natural selection?
A
The mechanism that explains why populations produce more offspring than the environment can support.
B
The mechanism that increases the chance of certain individuals reproducing.
C
The mechanism that leads to increasing variation within a population.
D
The cumulative change in the heritable characteristics of a population.
2) What is natural selection?
A
The survival of the largest organisms in a population
B
Increased reproductive success by those with favourable variation
C
Making a random choice of partner for reproduction
D
Variation due to mutations in a population
3) Why has evolution resulted in antibiotic resistance in bacteria?
A
Bacteria resistant to the antibiotic survive to pass on this characteristic to their offspring
B
Bacteria change their metabolism to cope with the presence of antibiotics.
C
Not completing a course of antibiotics allows resistant bacteria to develop.
D
Bacteria have learnt how to neutralize the effects of the antibiotic and they pass this onto their offspring.
4) According to Darwin’s theory of evolution, what causes the struggle for survival in populations?
A
Natural selection
B
Competition between the fittest individuals in the population
C
Overproduction of offspring
D
Favourable heritable variations
5) Which process has the greatest effect in determining which members of a population are most likely to survive until reproductive age?
A
Natural selection
B
Meiosis
C
Evolution
D
Hybridization
6) During his voyage on the Beagle, Charles Darwin made many observations
A
on the Galápagos Islands.
B
in Asia.
C
in England.
D
in North America.
7) On the Galápagos Islands, Charles Darwin observed
A
completely unrelated species on each of the islands.
B
species completely unrelated to those found in South America.
C
species exactly like those found in South America.
D
somewhat similar species, with traits that suited their particular environments.
8) The species of finches that Charles Darwin found on the Galápagos Islands displayed different structural adaptations. One of the adaptations that Darwin noted was the
A
number of eggs in each bird’s nest.
B
birds’ different-shaped beaks.
C
similarities of the birds’ embryos.
D
length of the birds’ necks.
9) James Hutton’s and Charles Lyell’s work suggests that
A
Earth is several thousand years old.
B
all fossils were formed in the last 1000 years.
C
Earth is many millions of years old.
D
all rocks on Earth contain fossils.
10) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck proposed that organisms
A
inherit all of the adaptations they display.
B
have an innate tendency to become simpler as time passes.
C
belong to species that never change.
D
have an innate tendency toward complexity and perfection.
11) Which is a major concept included in Lamarck’s theory of evolution?
A
Artificial selection is the basis for evolution.
B
Body structure can change according to the actions of the organism.
C
Change is the result of survival of the fittest.
D
Population size decreases the rate of evolution.
12) In each generation, the wings of experimental fruit flies were clipped short for fifty generations. The fifty-first generation emerged with normal-length wings. This observation would tend to disprove the idea that evolution is based on
A
natural selection.
B
inheritance of natural variations.
C
inheritance of acquired characteristics.
D
survival of the fittest.
13) In 1859, Charles Darwin published his revolutionary scientific ideas in a work titled
A
Essay on the Principle of Population.
B
On the Origin of Species.
C
Principles of Geology.
D
Evolution in Malaysia.
14) When farmers select animals or plants to use for breeding, they look for
A
traits that are produced artificially.
B
species that are perfect and unchanging.
C
homologous structures.
D
natural variations that are present in a species.
15) When a farmer breeds only his or her best livestock, the process involved is
A
natural selection.
B
artificial selection.
C
artificial variation.
D
survival of the fittest.
16) Which statement about the members of a population that live long enough to reproduce is consistent with the theory of natural selection?
A
They will perpetuate unfavorable changes in the species.
B
They transmit characteristics acquired by use and disuse to their offspring.
C
They are the ones that are best adapted to survive in their environment.
D
They tend to produce fewer offspring than others in the population.
17) In humans, the pelvis and femur, or thigh bone, are involved in walking. In whales, the pelvis and femur are....?
A
examples of natural variation.
B
examples of fossils.
C
vestigial structures.
D
acquired traits.
18) Modern sea star larvae resemble some primitive vertebrate larvae. This similarity may suggest that primitive vertebrates
A
evolved from sea stars.
B
evolved before sea stars.
C
share a common ancestor with sea stars.
D
belong to the same species as sea stars.
19) The same kinds of cells that grow in similar patterns in different but related organisms produce
A
the same kind of embryos.
B
natural variations in a population.
C
homologous structures such as wings and arms.
D
descent with modification.
20) Which concept is NOT included in the modern theory of evolution?
A
competition among the members of a population
B
natural selection
C
transmission of acquired characteristics
D
descent with modification
*select an answer for all questions
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