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Keystone Biology Review 2
Test Description: Review for Keystone Biology Exam
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Which action must occur for an enzyme to catalyze a chemical reaction?
A
A substrate must bind to an active site of the enzyme.
B
A noncompetitive inhibitor must first bind to an active site
C
A substrate must bind to an allosteric site of the enzyme.
D
A competitive inhibitor must first bind to an active site.
2) A cell in the leaf of a green plant performs both photosynthesis and cellular respiration, often at the same time. Which statement best describes how these processes are related to each other?
A
Both processes require energy directly from the Sun.
B
Thermal energy from one process is used as the energy source for the other process.
C
Products of one process are used as some of the reactants for the other process.
D
Both processes produce carbon dioxide.
3) A scientist observed that during the course of a chemical reaction the number of ATP molecules was reduced. What did the scientist most likely learn from the observation?
A
The reaction consumed water.
B
The reaction produced water.
C
The reaction caused an output of energy.
D
The reaction required an input of energy.
4) Which statement best describes how channel and carrier proteins in the plasma membrane are similar?
A
Both cause the phospholipid bilayer to form a rigid membrane for a cell.
B
Both allow for the flow of molecules into and out of a cell.
C
Both directly connect the membrane to the nucleus of a cell.
D
Both use energy to continuously move water molecules out of a cell.
5) Which statement best describes the outcomes of both meiosis and mitosis?
A
Genetically identical daughter cells are produced that can function as body cells or sex cells.
B
Within a cell, two chromosomes pair up and exchange segments of genetic material.
C
Each daughter cell has two complete sets of chromosomes
D
Cell division results in daughter cells that contain DNA
6) In order to study genetic mutations, scientists must study genetic material. Which statement describes the genetic material scientists are most likely studying?
A
They study alleles that contain chromosomes, which are RNA.
B
They study alleles that contain genes, which are chromosomes.
C
They study chromosomes that contain genes, which are DNA
D
They study chromosomes that contain DNA segments, which are RNA.
7) An inversion occurs along part of a chromosome. How does the inversion most likely affect the region in which it occurs?
A
Recessive alleles in the region become dominant alleles.
B
The coding sequence in the region disappears entirely from the cell.
C
The information in the region is read differently during transcription.
D
Multiple frame-shift errors in the region are triggered after translation.
8) Which of the following occurs when allele frequencies change by CHANCE?
A
Genetic Drift
B
Natural Selection
C
Mutation
D
Variation
9) Which of the following terms best describes structures that perform the same FUNCTION, but do not necessarily have similar anatomy and do not share common ancestry?
A
Homologous Structures
B
Fossil Structures
C
Vestigial Structures
D
Analogous Structures
10) Which type of mutation occurs when the base sequence is different, but the protein made is the same?
A
Silent
B
Insertion
C
Deletion
D
Frameshift
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