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Genetics And Heredity Unit Review
Test Description: Genetics and Heredity Unit Review
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) In humans, the allele for having a widow’s peak is dominant to having a straight hairline. Many people do not like the widow’s peak, so they shave it off. Will this affect their offspring?
A
No. Their offspring will have a widow’s peak if they inherit both recessive alleles from the parents.
B
Yes. There is no chance that the offspring will be born with a widow’s peak because the parents destroyed the trait.
C
Yes. Offspring born with a widow’s peak will have a smaller peak because the allele was damaged.
D
No. Shaving the widow’s peak does not change their genotype, so the allele can still be passed on to offspring.
2) Which scenario is an example of a physical characteristic of an organism that was influenced by environmental factors?
A
The bark of a tree was scarred after a beaver gnawed it.
B
A baby was born with ten fingers and ten toes.
C
The black cat’s eyes were a bright green color.
D
The pumpkin seeds were relatively flat and white.
3) The trade-offs in choosing to be tested for a genetic disease includes:
A
both of the above
B
you might find out you have the disease
C
none of the above
D
it may become difficult to get health insurance or coverage
4) Why would it be necessary to see a genetics counselor?
A
to stay as healthy as possible
B
all of the above
C
to see what family blood line may contain a genetic disorder
D
to know the probability or chance of the offspring inheriting a disease
5) DNA fingerprinting can be used to:
A
both of the above
B
none of the above
C
identify a person
D
diagnose a genetic disease
6) Diseases that are inherited are usually:
A
caused by viruses
B
all of the above
C
caused by environmental factors
D
caused by genes
7) What is a trait?
A
different forms of chromatids
B
different forms of meiosis
C
different forms of a characteristic or quality
D
different forms of a pedigree
8) What is heredity?
A
traits passing from offspring to parents
B
traits passing from parents to offspring
C
the ratio of dominant to recessive traits
D
plants that are cross-pollinated
9) Two forms of a gene, one from each parent, are called
A
albinism
B
genes
C
alleles
D
phenotypes
10) What is a phenotype?
A
the way an organism feels
B
a dominant gene
C
the physical expression of a genotype
D
a group of five alleles
11) Which diagram is used to trace (follow) a trait through generations of a family?
A
pedigree
B
generation square
C
selective breeding
D
meiosis
12) A plant with two dominant OR two recessive alleles is said to be
A
homozygous
B
cross-pollinating
C
hybrid
D
heterozygous
13) Two parents are both carriers for a genetic trait that is based on only one recessive allele. This means that their offspring:
A
cannot have the trait
B
has a 50% chance of inheriting the trait
C
has a 25% chance of inheriting the trait
D
will all be carriers for the trait
14) One of the first people to study patterns of heredity scientifically was:
A
Antoine Madan
B
Gregor Mendel
C
Robert Hooke
D
Mary-Claire King
15) Which of the following methods (ideas) can provide (give) information on human genetics?
A
breeding other organisms to compare traits
B
all of the above
C
studying human pedigrees
D
examining human DNA
16) Assume that a genetic trait is represented by the letter a. Which of the following would most likely be used to represent the recessive condition that IS expressed (seen)?
A
aa
B
Aa
C
AA
D
none of the above
17) Scientists often use other organisms to study genetics. Pea plants are sometimes chosen because:
A
they do not have cells
B
they cause disease
C
they do not reproduce
D
they grow quickly
18) What is the process called when body cells are copied with half the number of chromosomes at the end of this cell division cycle to create sex cells?
A
mitosis
B
meiosis
C
a nucleus
D
sex cells
19) Asexual reproduction occurs (happens) in humans in that
A
meiosis occurs.
B
none of our body cells reproduce this way.
C
the parent cells do not divide.
D
many body cells reproduce this way.
20) How does mitosis compare (different) to meiosis?
A
mitosis produces sex cells with half the genetic information, while meiosis produces two identical daughter cells.
B
mitosis only occurs in single-celled organisms, while meiosis only occurs in animals.
C
mitosis only occurs in animals, while meiosis only occurs in single-celled organisms.
D
mitosis produces two identical daughter cells, while meiosis produces sex cells with half the genetic information.
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