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Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Volcanoes Review
Test Description: Plate Tectonics, Earthquakes, Volcanoes
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) What is a fault?
A
a fracture in Earth where movement has occurred
B
a place on Earth where earthquakes cannot occur
C
Another name for an earthquake
D
the place on Earth's surface where structures move during an earthquake
2) Wegener's continental drift hypothesis stated that all the continents once joined together to form
A
Three major supercontinents
B
One major supercontinent
C
Two major supercontinents
D
Two major supercontinents and three smaller continents
3) What is an earthquake's epicenter?
A
The place on the surface directly above the focus
B
A spot halfway between the focus and the surface
C
Any spot along the nearest fault
D
The spot below the focus
4) Most earthquakes are produced by the rapid release of which kind of energy stored in rock subjected to great force?
A
thermal
B
mechanical
C
kinetic
D
elastic
5) A seismogram shows that P waves travel
A
faster than S waves
B
more slowly then S waves
C
at the same speed as S waves
D
at the same speed as surface waves
6) Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of S waves?
A
they cannot be transmitted through water or air
B
they travel more slowly then P waves
C
they shake particles at right angles in their direction of travel
D
they are also called longitudinal waves
7) Where do most earthquakes occur?
A
Around the edge of the Pacific Ocean
B
Around the edge of the Atlantic Ocean
C
in the mountains of Africa
D
on the western lowlands of Europe
8) An earthquake's magnitude is a measure of the
A
size of seismic waves it produces
B
amount of shaking it produces
C
size of surface waves it produces
D
damage it causes
9) What measurement for earthquakes do scientists use most often today?
A
Epicenter magnitude scale
B
Moment magnitude scale
C
Richter scale
D
Seismic scale
10) Liquefaction occurs when
A
large waves wash over coastal areas and destroy structures
B
earthquakes occur in the ocean and damage ships at sea
C
mudslides downhill and buries buildings
D
loose, saturated soil turns into liquid that can't support buildings
11) A tsunami can occur when there is vertical movement at a fault under
A
the San Andreas fault
B
the ocean floor
C
a mountain range
D
a small inland lake
12) Earth's thin, rocky outer layer is its
A
crust
B
core
C
mantle
D
outer core
13) The Earth's core is made of an alloy of
A
zinc and magnesium
B
iron and nickel
C
copper and iron
D
iron and zinc
14) What does Earth's crust and uppermost mantle form?
A
lithosphere
B
asthenosphere
C
hydrosphere
D
atmosphere
15) Earth's inner core is solid because of
A
its great diameter
B
the composition of its rock
C
immense pressure
D
extreme cold
16) What is the Moho?
A
an area of the mantle that will not transmit seismic waves
B
the material of which the mantle is composed
C
the boundary between the outer and inner core
D
the boundary between the crust and the mantle
17) What evidence supports Wegener's hypothesis?
A
major rivers on different continents match
B
land bridges still exist that connect major continents
C
the same mammal species exist on different continents
D
fossils of the same organism have been found on different continents
18) Which of the following results when divergence occurs within the oceanic lithosphere?
A
a rift valley
B
a mountain range
C
a volcano chain
D
seafloor spreading
19) Which of the following is true of a rock that has the property of paleomagnetism?
A
a major shift in polarity occurred in all rocks that were formed one million years ago
B
all rocks, regardless of when they are formed, will eventually possess the same polarity
C
a rock possesses a specific polarity depending on where it is formed
D
rocks formed millions of years ago show the location of the magnetic poles at the time of their formation
20) What kind of plate boundary occurs where two plates grind past each other without destroying the lithosphere?
A
transitional boundary
B
divergent boundary
C
transform fault boundary
D
convergent boundary
*select an answer for all questions
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