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7th TCAP Review: The Earth
Test Description: Review questions based on Earth Standards (7.1-7.7)
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) As a riverbank erodes away, sand and mud are transported downstream and settle at the bottom of a lake. Over time, what type of rock is most likely formed at the bottom of the lake?
A
sedimentary
B
igneous
C
metamorphic
D
lunar
2) The top layer of Earth is only about 50 kilometers thick. This layer is known as the
A
crust.
B
mantle.
C
outer core.
D
inner core.
3) What makes up most of the outer core of Earth?
A
liquid water
B
molten rock
C
liquid iron and nickel
D
hydrogen and helium gas
4) Geologists placed posts on opposite sides of divergent plates to determine the rate of plate movement. How far apart will the posts most likely have moved after 10 years?
A
50 centimeters
B
5 meters
C
5 kilometers
D
50 meters
5) What is the best approximation of the distance a tectonic plate moves each year?
A
more than one kilometer
B
a few centimeters
C
several meters
D
less than one millimeter
6) Which of these is mostly likely to happen because the oceanic lithospheric plates move away from each other?
A
Water moves to higher latitudes.
B
Winds become stronger.
C
New sea floor forms.
D
Tides become higher.
7) Which of these formed the Appalachian Mountains?
A
sea-floor spreading
B
river sediment deposition
C
frequent earthquake activity
D
continental plates colliding
8) As the ozone layer in the upper atmosphere becomes depleted, skin damage can occur from exposure to high levels of ultraviolet (UV) rays. Which human activity has contributed to the breakdown of the ozone layer?
A
introduction of invasive plant species into local ecosystems
B
construction of dams for hydroelectric power
C
construction of wind turbines to generate electricity
D
release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere
9) When water vapor, methane, and carbon dioxide are released into the atmosphere, trapped heat is reradiated back to Earth. Which of these will most likely occur when heat is reradiated back to Earth?
A
Acid precipitation will form.
B
The ozone will become thinner and break down.
C
Soil contamination will increase.
D
Surface temperatures will increase globally.
10) Which of these is a characteristic of a mineral?
A
It has a noncrystalline structure.
B
It has a varying chemical composition.
C
It exists in a liquid state.
D
It is a natural substance.
11) Which question would NOT be useful to ask if you wanted to identify a mineral?
A
What is its density?
B
What color is it?
C
Is it a solid, liquid, or gas?
D
How hard is it?
12) The way a mineral reflects light is called its
A
texture.
B
luster.
C
cleavage.
D
streak.
13) Which is the hardest mineral on the Mohs scale?
A
diamond
B
talc
C
fluorite
D
quartz
14) When magma transforms into igneous rock, which process is taking place?
A
cooling and solidifying
B
breaking down of rock
C
melting under very high pressure
D
change due to heat and pressure
15) When sedimentary rock transforms into metamorphic rock, which process is taking place?
A
melting under very high pressure
B
breaking down of rock
C
cooling and solidifying
D
change due to heat and pressure
16) Which rock forms from magma that cools and hardens?
A
gneiss
B
granite
C
sandstone
D
limestone
17) Which rock forms from sediments that become compacted and cemented together?
A
granite
B
limestone
C
gneiss
D
basalt
18) Which layer of Earth consists mostly of iron?
A
core
B
mantle
C
continental crust
D
oceanic crust
19) Which of these layers makes up most of Earth's mass?
A
oceanic crust
B
core
C
mantle
D
continental crust
20) Which statement is true about Earth's tectonic plates?
A
They do not move.
B
They float on the lithosphere.
C
They float on the core.
D
The float on the asthenosphere.
*select an answer for all questions
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