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Weathering And Soil
Test Description: Chapter 2: Earth's Surface
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) The type of soil called loam is made up of
A
mostly clay
B
sand and gravel
C
pure humus
D
nearly equal amounts of silt, sand, and clay
2) The most important factors in determining the rate of weathering are
A
abrasion and acids from plant roots
B
carbon dioxide and acid rain
C
animal actions and oxygen
D
rock type and climate
3) In which soil layer would you find loam that is rich in humus
A
C horizon
B
B horizon
C
A horizon
D
bedrock
4) What kind of weathering causes the mineral composition of rocks to change?
A
mechanical weathering
B
chemical weathering
C
permeable weathering
D
general weathering
5) Soil formation begins with the weathering of
A
humus
B
loam
C
bedrock
D
A horizon
6) In conservation plowing, why are dead weeds and stalks of the previous year’s crop left in the ground
A
to keep more organisms out of the soil
B
to retain moisture and hold the soil in place
C
to reduce the amount of seed needed for the next year’s crop
D
to keep the soil from becoming too fertile
7) A hot and wet climate causes weathering to take place
A
slowly
B
at the same rate as when the climate is dry and cool
C
rapidly
D
unevenly
8) Living organisms in soil help to
A
prevent the formation of humus
B
slow the rate of soil formation
C
mix the soil and make humus
D
build up the C horizon
9) What term describes the management of soil to prevent its destruction?
A
soil decomposition
B
soil conservation
C
soil fertility
D
soil exhaustion
10) In a cross section of soil, the B horizon consists of
A
humus only.
B
topsoil.
C
clay, minerals, and little humus.
D
partly weathered rock.
11) What can cause the loss of soil that is not protected by plant cover?
A
chemical weathering
B
erosion by water or wind
C
too many organisms in the soil
D
mechanical weathering
12) A permeable rock weathers easily because it
A
is made up of only one mineral.
B
contains many small, connected airspaces.
C
is made up of many minerals.
D
is made up of small particles.
13) The practice of plowing fields along the curves of a slope is called
A
drought plowing.
B
subsoil plowing.
C
contour plowing.
D
sod plowing.
14) When earthworms add their wastes to the soil, then die and decay in the soil, they are contributing to the formation of
A
clay
B
humus
C
litter
D
silt
15) The agent of mechanical weathering in which rock is worn away by the action of other rock particles is called
A
erosion
B
abrasion
C
frost wedging.
D
cracking and flaking.
16) A marble statue is left exposed to the weather. Within a few years, the details on the statue have begun to weather away. This weathering probably is caused by
A
oxygen in the air.
B
carbonic acid in rainwater
C
lichens
D
abrasion.
17) Frost wedging causes mechanical weathering of rock by means of
A
heating and cooling
B
animal actions.
C
freezing and thawing of water
D
plant growth.
18) Plowing removed the grass from the Great Plains and exposed the soil. What effect did this have when a drought struck the Great Plains during the 1930s?
A
It reduced the soil’s fertility.
B
It had no effect.
C
It helped to cause the Dust Bowl.
D
It allowed the soil to hold moisture better.
19) Soil that is rich in humus has high
A
fertility.
B
clay content.
C
sand content.
D
water content.
20) Most of the work of mixing humus within the soil is done by
A
bacteria
B
fungi
C
ants
D
earthworms
*select an answer for all questions
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