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Watersheds Practice
Test Description: Practice for the surface water, groundwater, catastrophic events test
Instructions: Answer all questions to get your test result.
1) Hurricanes can harm plants in coastal ecosystems in all of the following ways EXCEPT
A
high winds knocking down tall trees
B
storm surge moving saltwater onto land
C
clouds blocking the Sun for too long
D
soil washing away due to high water
2) Tornadoes can negatively affect an ecosystem when -
A
the rise in water level they produce introduces harmful salt
B
their strong winds uproot many of the important plants
C
the saltwater they bring kills off burrowing insects
D
they bring higher temperatures favored by birds
3) If a tornado uproots most of the trees in an ecosystem, it could be expected that due to the loss of trees, there will be a reduction in -
A
sunlight
B
soil
C
precipitation
D
oxygen
4) Which of the following correctly matches a catastrophic weather event with its effects on an ecosystem?
A
A thunderstorm's lightning can start forest fires.
B
A flood can damage plants with high winds.
C
A hurricane can kill off plants in deep water.
D
A tornado can move a lot of seawater onto land.
5) Fertilizers added to crops on farms can collect in runoff and enter the watershed. This problem would be reduced in areas where -
A
farms are situated on the sides of mountains
B
an extended drought leads to little or no rain
C
crops are grown for animals as well as humans
D
the growing season of the crops is longer
6) When fertilizers enter surface water, they cause problems in the watershed by -
A
causing rapid algal growth (algal bloom) that decrease oxygen levels and choke aquatic life.
B
clogging narrow streams and preventing water from flowing properly.
C
increasing the amount of nutrients available to fish in lakes and streams.
D
raising the water level in nearby rivers to levels leading to flooding.
7) A neighborhood in a small Texas town had to be evacuated because the houses were sinking due to a problem in the aquifer. What is the most likely cause of this problem?
A
Heavy rains caused oversaturation of soil foundations
B
Excessive removal of water weakened the ground
C
Runoff from fertilized land created a dead zone
D
Overbuilding in the area polluted the ground water
8) When runoff crosses the land, it picks up fertilizers that have been used on crops and lawns. These contaminants will eventually enter a lake, river or stream, which may lead to -
A
cleaner water for drinking and bathing
B
harmful rapid growth of algae
C
the earth's surface to sink
D
the water in an aquifer to drop
9) Which of the followin ghuman activities would most likely lead to subsidence, the sinking of the surface of the earth?
A
filtering out pollutants at a water treatment plant
B
storing drinking water in small above-ground basins
C
using toxic chemicals in the manufacturing of goods
D
excess removal of water from underground reservoirs
10) Rapid growth of algae in a pond is often the result of -
A
loss of habitat due to commercial building
B
flooding that causes water levels to rise
C
excess nutrients from fertilizer runoff
D
clogged river tributaries entering a lake
11) A paper company wants to build a paper mill in the watershed where a village exists. In order to minimize potiential pollution to the village, which of the following locations is best to build the mill?
A
closest to a freshwater stream or river
B
downstream from the village
C
at the highest point in the watershed
D
nearest to the main street of the village
12) The Rolling Plains region of Texas has a number of deep canyons. One would expect this region to have -
A
moving glaciers
B
flowing rivers
C
high wind
D
deep lakes
13) From the distinct shapes of sand dunes and their features in a desert, a geologist could most likely determine which of the following?
A
direction of the prevailing (common) wind
B
age of the formations
C
amount of water nearby
D
daily high and low temperatures
14) The land area that supplies water to a river system is called a -
A
tributary
B
stream
C
watershed
D
divide
15) The amount of water a material can hold is known as -
A
porosity
B
impermeability
C
permeability
D
saturated
16) How easily water can flow through a material is know as -
A
impermeability
B
permeability
C
porosity
D
saturated
17) The boundary in the soil below which is completely saturated is called -
A
water table
B
subsidence
C
spring
D
flood
18) In order for a well to have water in it, the bottom needs to be below the -
A
aquifer
B
impermeable
C
spring
D
water table
19) The area of land where new water enters an aquifer is called the -
A
groundwater
B
watershed
C
recharge zone
D
permeable layer
20) Which of the following is likely to be the most permeable?
A
clay
B
sand
C
silt
D
solid rock
*select an answer for all questions
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