8th Grade Final Exam Question Preview (ID: 42612)
Final Exam.
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How does a geneticist use pedigrees?
a) to trace the inheritance of traits in humans
b) to prove that sex-linked traits are caused by codominant alleles
c) to replicate identical strings of DNA
d) to create genetic crosses
Which combination of sex chromosomes results in a male human being?
a) XY
b) XX
c) YY
d) XYY
Which of the following statements is part of the cell theory?
a) All cells are produced from other cells.
b) Only plants are composed of cells.
c) Cells can be produced from nonliving matter.
d) Cells are one of several basic units of structure and function in living things.
Mendel called plants that received different alleles for a trait from each parent ____.
a) hybrids
b) zealots
c) phenotypes
d) zenotypes
Which pair of structures can be found ONLY in plant cells?
a) chloroplasts and a cell wall
b) mitochondria and a cell membrane
c) ribosomes and a nucleus
d) vacuoles and an endoplasmic reticulum
A paleontologist discovers a fossil within a layer of rock. The paleontologist can probably conclude ____.
a) the rock layer formed during the time that the species represented by the fossil existed on Earth
b) the rock layer formed before the species represented by the fossil existed on Earth
c) the rock layer formed after the species represented by the fossil had become extinct
d) the ages of the rock layer and the species represented by the fossil are not related
Structures as different as human arms, bat wings, and dolphin flippers contain many of the same bones, these bones having developed from very similar embryonic tissues. How do biologists interpret these similarities?
a) By proposing that humans, bats, and dolphins share a common ancestor
b) By the principle of convergent evolution
c) By the principle of divergent evolution
d) A and C only
Fossils of some intermediate forms have not been found because
a) fossils are very rare; fossils of only a small fraction of all species have been found
b) new types of organisms can appear suddenly without progressive changes determined by natural selection
c) all fossils are the same age
d) species produced by punctuated equilibrium do not leave fossils
On a pedigree, a half-shaded circle represents a(n)
a) carrier female
b) carrier male
c) unaffected female
d) affected female
___________ is the control center of the cell; directs cell activities.
a) nucleus
b) ribosomes
c) endoplasmic reticulum
d) cell membrane
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