The Digestive System Question Preview (ID: 33703)


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The backflow of materials from the stomach into the esophagus is due to the active contraction of the
a) lower esophageal sphincter
b) upper esophageal sphincter
c) esophageal hiatus
d) pyloric sphincter

Once a bolus of food has entered the laryngopharynx, swallowing continues involuntarily due to the
a) swallowing reflex
b) size of the bolus
c) peristalic activity
d) all of the above

The proper sequence of swallowing involves three sequential phases consisting of the
a) oral phase, esophageal phase, and pharyngeal phase
b) oral phase, pharyngeal phase, and esophageal phase
c) pharyngeal phase, esophageal phase, and intestinal phase
d) oral phase, esophageal phase, and intestinal phase

Regional movements that occur in the small intestine and function to churn and fragment the digestive materials are called
a) segmentation
b) peristalsis
c) pendulums
d) mastications

Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract from one point to another are called
a) segmentation
b) peristalsis
c) mastications
d) compactions

Modifications of the mucosa of the small intestine that allow for an increase in surface area are the
a) plicae
b) mucus glands
c) presence of striations
d) adventitia

Most of the digestive tract is lined by
a) cuboidal epithelium
b) stratified squamous epithelium
c) simple columnar epithelium
d) simple squamous epithelium

The layer of the intestinal wall that contracts and changes the shape of the intestinal lumen to move food along its length is the
a) muscularis
b) mucosa
c) submucosa
d) serosa

Double sheets of serous membrane composed of the parietal peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum are called the
a) adventitia
b) fibrosa
c) serosa
d) mesenteries

In the small intestine, fingerlike projections called villi are formed by the mucosa and serve to
a) release secretions that promote digestion
b) increase the area for absorption
c) control and coordinate contractions of the smooth muscle
d) all of the above

The layer of loose connective tissue that contains blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and a network of nerve fibers, sensory neurons, and parasympathetic motor neurons is the
a) circular muscular layer
b) submucosa
c) serosa
d) mucosal epithelium

The cells of the gastric glands in the fundus and body of the stomach that produce the components of gastric juice are
a) parotid cells and sublingual cells
b) endocrine cells and enterogastric cells
c) chylomicrons and lacteal cells
d) parietal cells and chief cells

Where mechanical stresses are most severe, such as in the oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, and anus, the digestive tract is lined by
a) stratified squamous epithelium
b) simple columnar epithelium
c) loose connective tissue
d) smooth muscle cells

The chemical breakdown of food into small organic fragments that can be absorbed by the digestive epithelium is
a) digestion
b) ingestion
c) salivation
d) secretion

The physical manipulation of solid foods by the tongue and teeth and the swirling and mixing motions of the digestive tract is called
a) secretion
b) absoption
c) compaction
d) mechanical processing

The correct sequence of a food particle moving through the digestive tract is
a) oral cavity, esophagus, pharynx, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus, rectum
b) oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus
c) oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, pharynx, large intestine, small intestine, anus, rectum
d) pharynx, oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus, rectum

The digestive tube between the pharynx and the stomach is the
a) trachea
b) larynx
c) pylorus
d) esophagus

Which one of the following organs is not a part of the digestive system?
a) liver
b) gallbladder
c) spleen
d) pancreas

Of the following groups of structures, the one that contains only accessory structures is
a) salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder
b) pharynx, esophagus, and small and large intestines
c) oral cavity, stomach, pancreas, and liver
d) tongue, teeth, stomach, and small and large intestines

Swirling, mixing, and churning motions of the digestive tract provide
a) action of enzymes, acids, and buffers
b) chemical breakdown of food
c) mechanical processing after ingestion
d) peristalic activity

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