Geology Review Question Preview (ID: 31624)


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54. What do geologist study?
a) the history of universe
b) the composition and history of the earth
c) all living things and how they interact
d) matter and energy in the universe

61. Why is the inner layer of the Earth solid?
a) no pressure
b) Earth's rotation
c) high temperatures
d) immense (great) amounts of pressure

63. How old is the Earth?
a) 13.7 billion years
b) 4.6 billion years
c) 4.6 million years
d) 13.7 million years

65. What does the law of superposition state?
a) Rocks on the top layer are older than rocks on the bottom layer
b) all rocks are the same age
c) Rocks on the top layer are younger than rocks on the bottom layer
d) Rocks on the bottom layer are younger than rocks on the top layer

71. Which test is more reliable when identifying a mineral: streak test or color test? Why?
a) streak test because the streak of a specific mineral doesn't change
b) color test because minerals are always the same colors
c) color test because impurities can cause changes in the color of the mineral
d) streak test because the streak of a specific mineral can often change

72. Who came up with the theory of plate tectonics?
a) Isaac Newton
b) Albert Einstein
c) Alfred Wegener
d) Jimmy Neutron

68. What process turns rocks into sediment?
a) melting and cooling
b) weathering and erosion
c) compaction and cementation
d) heat and pressure

69. How is an igneous rock formed?
a) melting and cooling
b) heat and pressure
c) compaction and cementation
d) weathering and erosion

59. What are the two types of crust?
a) thin crust and stuff crust
b) outer core and inner core
c) oceanic and continental
d) sediment and rock

62. Scientists study the internal structure of the earth by recording and observing earthquakes. What is traveling through the earth that allows scientists to study its structure?
a) Seismic waves (p waves and s waves)
b) electromagnetic waves
c) ocean waves
d) mechanical waves

67. What generally signals the end of an era?
a) the formation of trees
b) new gasses entering the atmosphere
c) a volcanic eruption
d) a mass extinction (such as the extinction of the dinosaurs)

73. It is hypothesized that all continents were once joined together in a supercontinent. What was it called?
a) Australiaisa
b) North America
c) Pangaea
d) Lauraisa

75. Where does old crust get recycled back into the Earth?
a) sea floor spreading
b) subduction zone
c) ocean ridge
d) rift valley

75. Where does new crust get created?
a) fault line after an earthquake
b) mid-ocean ridge where the sea floor spreads
c) subduction zone where the plates collide
d) trench where the plates collide

77. Where does sea floor spreading occur?
a) divergent boundary
b) convergent boundary
c) transform boundary
d) it doesn't occur at a boundary

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